Exam (elaborations)
NURS 642 (Hepatology) EXAM 3 STUDY GUIDE COMPLETE AND ACCURATE WITH DIAGRAMS RATED A.
- Course
- Institution
NURS 642 (Hepatology) EXAM 3 STUDY GUIDE COMPLETE AND ACCURATE WITH DIAGRAMS RATED A.
[Show more]
Content preview
NURS 642 (Hepatology) EXAM 3 STUDY GUIDE COMPLETE ANDACCURATE RATED A.
1. Cardiomyopathy Heart muscle structurally/functionally abnormal
without CAD, HTN, or congenital heart disease.
2. Restrictive Cardiomy- Muscle unable to dilate. Impaired filling.
opathy Decreased CO from diastole = Diastolic HF. Pre-
sentation: exertional intolerance and fluid restric-
tion
CXR - pulm congestion, normal heart size.
*Echo - moderate EF (25-50%). normal to Thick
ventricle walls. Valvular: Endocardial involvement
involvement
Biopsy to find cause. Most common is Amyloido-
sis. Arrthymias: Ventricular tachy are uncommon
except in sacrodosis blocks. Mainly Atrial fib
3. Amyloidosis Protein deposited into heart muscle.
PE: : thickened tongue, peri-orbital purpura, he-
patomegaly
4. Dilated Cardiomyopathy Muscle is over dilated (LV or LV&RV). Impaired
contraction. Presenting symptoms: exertional in-
tolerance
Decreased CO from systole = Systolic HF.
Pansystolic (MR) murmur @ apex.
Labs - elevated BNP.
EKG - will be abnormal, nonspecific.
CXR - Cardiomegaly.
*Echo - Thin (dilated) ventricle walls (>60mm).
Decreased EF < 30%. Valvular: Annular dilata-
tion-Mitral regurgitation is seen first then tricus-
pid
, NURS 642 (Hepatology) EXAM 3 STUDY GUIDE COMPLETE AND
ACCURATE RATED A.
Cause: idiopathic, genetic, pregnancy, myocardi-
tis. Arrhythmias: ventricular tachy or connection
blocks
5. Hypertrophic Cardiomy- Muscle cell protein *genetic abnormality.
opathy Impaired filling (small ventricles due to hypertro-
phy).
Muscle does not contract properly.
Decreased CO from diastole = Diastolic HF.
S/SX: asymptomatic; syncope, palpitations,
DOE, sudden death! SYSTOLIC EJECTION
MURMUR / S4.
CXR - normal. EKG - normal.
*Echo - Thick ventricle walls & septum is thickest!
EF Normal >60% Valvular: related to valve sep-
tum.
Genetic testing or Biopsy for confirmation.
TX: temporary = BB, CCB, diuretics. Later, EP
interventions - ablation, PPM, AICD.
Avoid: sudden position changes, bearing down,
lifting weights, sudden activity.
6. Tako-Tsubo Cardiomy- Stressful event, postmenopausal
opathy or "broken heart Presents similar to ACS: ST elevation & troponin
syndrome" elevated.
Echo - LV ballooning at apex.
TX: BB, ASA, and ACE-I until LV function normal-
izes (weeks to months).
,7. Arrhythmogenic RV Car- Muscle replaced by fibrous fatty tissue. RV=1st.
diomyopathy (ARVC) Genetic.
S/SX: syncope, presyncope, sustained palpita-
tions, sudden cardiac death (youth, athletes).
EKG: LBBB, arrhythmias.
Echo w/ unique RV findings.
8. AHA Indications for Car- AHA Class 1: Cardiac monitoring indicated due
diac Monitoring to risk for life threatening arrhythmia.
§ EX: Cardiac arrest, unstable ACS, acute HF,
Long QT, Complicated PCI.
AHA Class 2: Cardiac monitoring may be indicat-
ed but not essential.
§ EX: Nonurgent PCI, chest pain syndrome,
chronic arrhythmias.
AHA Class 3: Cardiac monitoring may be indicat-
ed but not expected to save lives.
§ EX: Permanent Afib rate controlled, OB pa-
tients without heart disease.
9. Pulmonary valve Steno- valve does not open all the way. (Fibrosis/calcifi-
sis cation).
Genetic.
S/SX: *Crescendo-decrescendo murmur, ede-
ma, JVD, SOB, fatigue.
DX: ECHO.
TX: Balloon valvuloplasty.
, 10. Endocarditis Infection of the endocardium. Innermost layer of
the heart.
High risk: IV drug use.
S/SX: *Fever, *new heart murmur, septic emboli,
splinter hemorrhages in the nails, Roth spots in
the eyes, and glomerulonephritis.
**FUO + new murmur = assess for endocarditis.
DX: *Multiple positive blood cultures, ECHO, TEE
TX: underlying pathogen (culture) - Usually staph
aureus.
11. Dukes Criteria (2 major Major = +BC or +echo vegitation
or 1 major + 3 minor or 5 Minor = Predisposing factor (IV drug use), Fever
minor) >38C, evidence of emboli, immunological prob-
lems, +BC (not as specific as major).
12. Myocarditis Inflammation of the myocardium. "Muscle of the
heart". Middle layer of the heart.
Often associated with URI.
S/SX: Positional CP, Pleural CP, tachycardia,
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller saraciousstuvia. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $15.89. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
62890 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now