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IB 701 – Carbohydrates questions with correct answers
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IB 701 – Carbohydrates questions with correct answers
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IB 701 – Carbohydrates questions with correctanswers
What are Carbohydrates? Correct Answer-- Polyols with an aldehyde or
keto group
- Most abundant biomolecules on earth
- Caloric nutrient
- Structural components, complexed with proteins, lipids, and nucleic
acids
What is the kcal for 1 gram of carbohydrate? Correct Answer-~4
kcal/gram
What is the recommended carbohydrate intake? Correct Answer-- No set
RD
- 50-100g minimum
- Ideal: more than 50% total caloric intake
What kind of sugar is D-Ribose? Correct Answer-Pentose Sugar
D-Ribose. (Source and Significance) Correct Answer-- Source: Forms
through metabolic processes
- Significance: component element of nucleic acids and coenezymes:
RNA, ATP, NAD, NADP, Flavoproteins
What are some examples of hexose sugars? Correct Answer-D- Glucose
,D-Fructose
D-Galactose
D-Mannose
D-Glucose. (Source and significance) Correct Answer--Source: fruit
juices (disaccharide breakdown - dietary), hydrolysis of starch (dietary),
cane sugar, maltose, lactose; body-derived: glycogen breakdown
- Significance: Body "Sugar": blood and tissue fluids, cell fuel
- Most important carb energy source and is commonly referred to as
blood sugar or dextrose
D-Fructose. (Source and significance) Correct Answer-- Source: Fruit,
fruit juices, honey (occurring naturally); hydrolysis of sucrose from cane
sugar
- Significance: changed to glucose in the liver and intestine to serve as
basic body fuel
- sweetest sugar (added to foods as HFCS)
D-Galactose (Source and significance) Correct Answer-- Source:
Hydrolysis of lactose
- Significance: Changed to glucose in liver, cell fuel, synthesized in
mammary gland to make lactose of milk, constituent of glycolipids and
glycoproteins
- Rarely occurs naturally as a single sugar but is a component of milk
sugar (lactose)
, D-Mannose (Source and Significance) Correct Answer-- Source:
Hydrolysis of plant mannosans and gums
- Significance: Component of polysaccharide of albuins, globulins,
mucoproteins, glycoproteins
What is the "Sweetest Sugar"? Correct Answer-Fructose (Then sucrose,
then glucose, maltose, lactose, galactose)
What are Monosaccharides? Correct Answer-Simple and single sugars
- most (but not all) are hexoses
Examples: Glucose, Fructose, Galactose, Ribose
Structure of fructose Correct Answer-
Structure of Glucose Correct Answer-
Structure of Galactose Correct Answer-
Structurally what is the difference between glucose, galactose, and
fructose? Correct Answer-they are all isomers
- Fructose: ketose sugar
- Galactose: 4' carbon has OH in "up position"
What 3 reactions can occur on carbohydrates? Correct Answer-1) N-
Substitution
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