,1. Which of the following pathophysiological processes is directly
associated with congestive heart failure?
- A) Decrease in preload
- B) Increase in cardiac output
- C) Myocardial hypertrophy
- D) Decrease in afterload
- Answer: C) Myocardial hypertrophy
- Rationale: Myocardial hypertrophy occurs as the heart muscle
thickens in response to increased workload to maintain cardiac
output, which is associated with congestive heart failure.
, 3. In Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, which autoimmune mechanism
primarily destroys pancreatic β-cells?
- A) T-cell mediated cytotoxicity
- B) B-cell antibody production
- C) Natural killer cell activation
- D) Complement activation
- Answer: A) T-cell mediated cytotoxicity
- Rationale: In Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, autoreactive T-cells
mediate the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells.
4. Which pathophysiological mechanism is the primary cause of
edema in nephrotic syndrome?
- A) Increased capillary permeability
- B) Decreased plasma oncotic pressure
- C) Increased hydrostatic pressure
- D) Lymphatic obstruction
- Answer: B) Decreased plasma oncotic pressure
- Rationale: Nephrotic syndrome leads to severe proteinuria,
reducing plasma protein levels and oncotic pressure, resulting in
edema.
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller ClemAcademia. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $14.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
