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PCC 274 - Test 1 with complete answers(verified for accuracy).
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PCC 274 - Test 1 with complete answers(verified for accuracy).
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PCC 274 - Test 1 with completeanswers(verified for accuracy)
The "general acceptance" principle, which serves as a criterion of
the judicial admissibility of scientific evidence, was set forth in the
case of: - answer Frye v. United States
A decentralized system of crime laboratories currently exists in the
United States under the auspices of various governmental agencies
at the __________ , __________ , ________ and ___________ levels of
government. - answer Federal, State, County, Municipal
Four important federal agencies offering forensic services are the
________, _______, _______, and ________. - answer FBI, DEA, ATF, UPS
In the case of _______________________, the Supreme Court ruled that in
assessing the admissibility of new and unique scientific tests, the
trial judge did not have to rely solely on the concept of "general
acceptance". - answer Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals,
Inc.
He is responsible for developing the first statistical study proving
the uniqueness of fingerprints: - answer Francis Galton
A Florida case that exemplifies the flexibility and wide discretion
that the trial judge has in matters of scientific inquiry is: - answer
Cappolino v. State
A system of personal identification using a series of body
measurements was first devised by: - answer Alphonse Bertillon
Early efforts at applying scientific principles to document
examination are associated with: - answer Albert Osborn
,In contrast to the United States, Britain's crime laboratory system is
characterized by a national system of __________ laboratories. -
answer Regional
One of the first functional crime laboratories was formed in Lyon,
France under the direction of this man;
also first advocated the concept of the transfer of evidence that
occurs when two objects come in contact with one another: - answer
Edmond Locard
The 2009 U. S. Supreme decision in ____________ addressed the
practice of using affidavits in lieu of in person testimony by forensic
examiners - answer Melendez-Diaz
The application of chemistry, physics, and geology to the
identification and comparison of of crime scene evidence is the
function of the ___________ unit of a crime laboratory. - answer trace
evidence
The application of science to criminal investigation was advocated
by the Austrian magistrate: - answer Hans Gross
The application of science to law describes: - answer Forensic
Science
The comparison microscope became an indispensable tool of
firearms examination through the efforts of: - answer Walter
McCrone
The first forensic laboratory in the United States was created in
1923 by the: - answer Los Angeles Police Department
, The increasing demand for _______ analyses has been the single most
important factor in the recent expansion of crime laboratory
services in the United States. - answer Drug
The Italian scientist _________ devised the first workable procedure
for typing dried bloodstains: - answer Leone Lattes
The state of _____________ is an excellent example of a geographical
area in the United States that has created a system of integrated
regional and satellite laboratories - answer California
In 2004, the U. S. Supreme Court addressed issues relating to the
Confrontation Clause of the Sixth Amendment in the case of: -
answer Crawford v. Washington
The U. S. Supreme Court decision in _______________ restricted the
"gatekeeping" role of a trial judge only to scientific testimony -
answer Kumho Tire Co., Ltd. V. Carmichael
The process of____________ determines a substance's physical or
chemical identity with as near absolute certainty as existing
analytical techniques will permit. - answer Examination
Although databases are consistently updated so that scientists can
assign probabilities to class evidence, for the most part, forensic
scientists must rely on ______________ when interpreting the
significance of class physical evidence. - answer Personal
Experience
Modern analytical techniques have become so sensitive that the
forensic examiner must be aware of the ______________ among
materials when interpreting the significance of comparative data. -
answer Natural Variation
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