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PCC 274 Final Exam with complete answers(verified for accuracy).
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PCC 274 Final Exam with complete answers(verified for accuracy).
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PCC 274 Final Exam withcomplete answers(verified
for accuracy)
The application of science to law describes. - answer Forensic
Science
The fictional exploits of __________ excited the imagination of an
emerging generation of forensic scientist and criminal investigators.
- answer Sherlock Holmes
A system of personal identification using a series of body
measurements was first devised by ____________. - answer Alphonse
Bertillon
___________ is responsible for developing the first statistical study
proving the uniqueness of fingerprints. - answer Francis Galton
The comparison microscope became an indispensable tool of
firearms examination through the efforts of _____________. - answer
Calvin Goddard
The Italian scientist _______________ devised the first workable
procedure for typing dried bloodstains. - answer Leone Lattes
Early efforts at applying scientific principles to document
examination are associated with ________________. - answer Albert
Osborne
,The application of science of science to criminal investigation was
advocated by the Austrian magistrate _________________. - answer
Hans Gross
One of the first functional crime laboratories was formed in Lyon,
France. Under the direction of ____________. - answer Edmond Locard
The transfer of evidence that occurs when two objects come in
contact with one another was a concept first advocated by the
forensic scientist __________________. - answer Edmond Locard
The first forensic laboratory in the United States was created in
1923 by the ______________ Police Department. - answer Los Angeles
The state of _______________ is an excellent example of a geographical
area in the US that has created a system of integrated regional and
satellite laboratories. - answer California
In contrast to the US, Britain's crime laboratory system is
characterized by a national system of _________________ laboratories. -
answer regional
The increasing demand for __________ analyses has been the single
most important factor in recent expansion of crime laboratory
services in the US. - answer drug
Four important federal agencies offering forensic service for
_________, ____________, ___________ and ___________. - answer FBI, DEA,
ATF, and Postal Service
A decentralized system of crime laboratories currently exists in the
US under the auspices of various governmental agencies at the
__________, __________, ___________, and __________ levels. - answer
federal, state, county, and municipcal
,The application of chemistry, physics, and geology, to the
identification and comparison of crime science evidence is the
function of _________ unit of a crime laboratory. - answer physical
science
The examination of blood, hairs, fibers, and botanical materials is
conducted in the __________ unit of a crime laboratory. - answer
Biology
The examination of bullets, cartridge cases, shotgun shells, and
ammunition of all types is the responsibility of the ___________ unit. -
answer firearms
The examination of body fluids and organs for drugs and poisons is
a function of the ______________ unit. - answer Toxicology
The _______ unit dispatched trained personnel to the science of a
crime retrieve evidence for laboratory examination. - answer CSI
The "general acceptance" principle, which serves as a criterion for
the judicial admissibility of scientific evidence, was set forth in the
case of _____________. - answer Frye v. US
In the case of _________________________ the Supreme Court ruled that in
assessing the admissibility of new and unique scientific tests, the
trial judge did not have to rely solely on the concept of "general
acceptance" - answer Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc
True of False: The U.S. Supreme Court decision in Kumho Tire Co.
Ltd. v. Carmichael restricted the "gatekeeping" role of a trail judge
only to scientific testimony. - answer False
, A Florida case that exemplifies the flexibility and wide discretion
that the trial judge has in matters of scientific inquiry is
_______________. - answer Coppolino v State
A(n) _____________ is a person who can demonstrate a particular skill
or has knowledge in a trade or profession that will help the court
determine the truth of the matter at issue. - answer expert witness
True or False: The expert witness's courtroom demeanor may play
an important role in deciding what weight the court will assign to
his or her testimony. - answer True
True or False: The testimony of an expert witness incorporates his
or her personal opinion relating to the matter he or she has either
studied or examined. - answer False
True or False: The testimony of an expert witness incorporates his
or her personal opinion relating to the matter he or she has either
studied or examined. - answer training
True or False: In 2004, the US Supreme Court addressed issues
relating to the Confrontation Clause of the Sixth Amendment in the
case of Crawford v. Washington. - answer True
The 2009 U.S. Supreme Court decision _______________ addressed the
practice of using affidavits in lieu of in person testimony by forensic
examiners. - answer Melendez Diaz
The term _________________ encompasses all objects that can establish
or disprove whether a crime has been committed or can link a crime
and its victim or its perpetrator. - answer Physical Evidence
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