Biology 101 - Biological Molecules
Questions and Answers
What are the four biological molecules? - Answer-Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and
Nucleic Acids
What is the main function of carbohydrates? - Answer-Provide quick energy.
What is the monomer of carbohydrates? - Answer-Monosaccharides
What are the three polymers of carbohydrates? - Answer-Starch, glycogen, and
cellulose
What is starch? - Answer-Starch is a carbohydrate polymer.
- Produced by plants
- Can be consumed by humans
What is glycogen? - Answer-Glycogen is a carbohydrate polymer.
- Stored energy found in the liver and muscles
- Used for endurance
What is cellulose? - Answer-Cellulose is a carbohydrate polymer.
- Creates the cell walls in plants
- Humans cannot digest cellulose
What id the function of lipids? - Answer-Lipids provide a long-term storage of energy.
What is a common characteristic of all lipids? - Answer-Lipids are hydrophobic.
What are the three types of lipids? - Answer-Fat/oil, phospholipids, and steroids
What is the monomer of fats/oils? - Answer-Triglyceride (Glycogen and 3 fatty acids)
Unsaturated fat vs. Saturated fat - Answer-Unsaturated fat - Has double bonds/bent and
usually in liquid form
Saturated fat - Usually in solid form; Packed together
What is the function of phospholipids? - Answer-Provides the structure of the cell
membrane.
What are the monomers of a phospholipid? - Answer-Glycerol, 2 fatty acids, and
phosphate group.
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