Exam (elaborations)
AQA A-Level Biology Unit 1A - Biological Molecules Complete Answers
- Course
- Institution
AQA A-Level Biology Unit 1A - Biological Molecules Complete Answers
[Show more]
Content preview
AQA A-Level Biology Unit 1A - BiologicalMolecules Complete Answers
Monomers - Answer-Small basic molecular units
Examples of monomers - Answer-monosaccharides, amino acids and nucleotides
Polymers - Answer-Large complex molecules composed of long chains of monomers
joined together
Examples of polymers - Answer-Carbohydrates, proteins and nucleic acids
What type of sugar is glucose? - Answer-Hexose
How many types of glucose are there? - Answer-2
What are the names of the types of glucose? - Answer-Alpha-glucose and beta-glucose
Are the types of glucose isomers? - Answer-Yes
What is a condensation reaction? - Answer-When 2 molecules join together with the
formation of a new chemical bond, releasing a water molecule
Condensation reactions join which molecules? - Answer-Monosaccharides
What type of chemical bond forms between 2 monosaccharides? - Answer-Glycosidic
What is formed when 2 monosaccharides join together? - Answer-Disaccharide
Which 2 molecules make maltose? - Answer-Alpha glucose and alpha glucose
What is sucrose made from? - Answer-Alpha glucose and fructose
Which 2 molecules make lactose? - Answer-Alpha glucose and galactose
What is a hydrolysis reaction? - Answer-When 2 molecules are broken apart using a
water molecule
What is broken down by hydrolysis to form monosaccharides? - Answer-Carbohydrates
Benedict's Test for Reducing Sugars I - Answer-Add Benedict's reagent to a sample
and add it to a water bath which is boiling
, Benedict's Test for Reducing Sugars II - Answer-If the test is positive, it will form a
coloured precipitate, if it's negative, it'll stay blue
Benedict's Test for Non-Reducing Sugars I - Answer-Get a new sample of the test
solution, add DILUTE HCl and heat it in a water bath that has been brought to the boil
Benedict's Test for Non-Reducing Sugars II - Answer-Neutralize the solution with
sodium hydrogen carbonate
Benedict's Test for Non-Reducing Sugars III - Answer-Carry out the Benedict's test as
normal
Polysaccharide - Answer-Formed when more than 2 monosaccharides are joined
together by condensation reactions
Function of Starch - Answer-Energy store
What makes up starch? - Answer-Amylose and amylopectin
Structure of amylose - Answer-Long, unbranched chain of alpha-glucose; has a coiled
structure, making it compact and good for storage
Structure of amylopectin - Answer-Long, branched chain of alpha-glucose, side
branches allow the enzymes that break the molecule down to access the bonds easily,
meaning glucose can be released quickly
Features of starch - Answer-Insoluble in water, doesn't affect water potential so water
doesn't enter the cell, which would make them swell
The iodine test - Answer-Add iodine dissolved in potassium iodide solution to the test
sample. If starch is present, sample turns from brown/orange to dark blue/black colour
What do animals store glucose as? - Answer-Glycogen
What structure is glycogen similar to? - Answer-Amylopectin, except it has more side
branches, meaning stored glucose can released quickly, very compact
What is a major component of cell walls in plants? - Answer-Cellulose
Structure of cellulose - Answer-Long unbranched chains of beta glucose
What is formed when beta glucose molecules bond? - Answer-Straight cellulose chains
Advantage of cellulose chains - Answer-They're linked together by hydrogen bonds to
form microfibrils, providing structural support for cells
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller lectknancy. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $12.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
80467 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now
