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PALS Heart code Questions with Solutions
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Exam of 4 pages for the course Heart code at Heart code (PALS Heart code)
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PALS 2024-2025 Heart codeWhat is the priority in initially managing arrhythmias? - answer The initial management
of both stable and unstable arrhythmias are identical to the treatment for any critically-ill
child. Begin with the support of the airway, breathing, and circulation and treating the
underlying cause of the arrhythmia.
What are the causes of secondary bradycardia? - answer Hypoxia, hypotension,
hypothermia, acidosis, drugs.
What are the causes of primary bradycardia? - answer Congenital or acquired heart
conditions.
What are the ECG characteristics of bradycardia? – answer P wave and QRS may be
unrelated.
Heart rate slow for age.
QRS may be narrow or wide.
In what patients would asymptomatic bradycardia not be problematic? – answer A well-
conditioned athlete.
A healthy child who is sleeping.
Define bradycardia. - answerA heart rate that is:
- slow for normal range
- activity
- clinical condition
What is the leading cause of symptomatic bradycardia? - answerTissue hypoxia.
What is the dose for epinephrine? - answerEpinephrine every 3-5 mins
- 0.01 mg/kg IV
- 0.1 mg/kg ETT
In what conditions is atropine preferred over epinephrine as 1st choice treatment of
symptomatic bradycardia? - answerWhen the bradycardia is due to:
- excessive vagal tone
- cholinergic drug toxicity, e.g. organophosphates
- complete AV block (primary bradycardia)
What is the dose for atropine? - answerAtropine 0.02 mg/kg IV
What clinical findings may be present in a child with tachyarrhythmia? -
answerSyncope, light-headedness, palpitations.
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