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MCHES Exam Questions With Complete Solutions
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MCHES Exam Questions With Complete Solutions
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MCHES Exam Questions With CompleteSolutions
Research CORRECT ANSWERS can be conducted with the intent to generalize
findings from a sample to a larger population. It does not always aim for, or achieve,
evaluative conclusions, and it is restricted to empirical (rather than evaluative) data.
Statement of Purpose CORRECT ANSWERS Clearly and succinctly defines the goal of
the project. Elements include research design (quantitative study) or method of inquiry
(qualitative study); variables (quantitative) or phenomena under investigation (qualitative
study); priority population; and research setting (worksite, university, etc)
Systematic Reviews CORRECT ANSWERS a published qualitative review of a
comprehensive synthesis of publications on particular topics. Can be helpful in
identifying current gaps in a stream of literature that can be filled in with new, data-
based health education/promotion research.
Meta-analyses CORRECT ANSWERS A systematic statistical method of evaluating
data based on numerical results of several independent studies of the same problem.
Combining data from multiple sources.
Pooled analysis CORRECT ANSWERS A method for collecting all the individual data
from a group of studies, combining them into one large set of data, and then analyzing
the data as if it came from one big study.
Capacity Assessment CORRECT ANSWERS Measure of actual and potential
individual, group, and community resources that can be inherent to and/or brought to
bear for health maintenance and enhancement. Mapping community assets also
included in this assessment.
Needs Assessment CORRECT ANSWERS Systematic identification of needs within a
population and the determination of the degree to which those needs are being met.
Qualitative Data CORRECT ANSWERS Information that is difficult to measure, count,
or express in numerical terms.
Must be careful not to introduce bias
May use interviews, observational research, case studies, content analysis, etc.
Quantitative Data CORRECT ANSWERS Information that can be expressed in
numerical terms, counted, or compared on a scale.
Must construct questionnaire items in such a way that the responses produce data that
are reliable and valid.
,Primary Data CORRECT ANSWERS Data gathered by health education specialists
directly from or about the individual or population of interest. These data answer
questions related to the specific needs assessment. Collected by surveys, interviews,
focus groups, and direct observation. Allows specialist to obtain accurate data about
problems, influences, and potential solutions to health issues specific to the community.
20% attrition rate to account for no responses
By convention, a significance value of 0.05 is used in health education/promotion
research
Secondary Data CORRECT ANSWERS Data that have already been collected by
others that may or may not be directly gathered from the individual or population being
assessed. Examples: existing research published in peer-reviewed journals
Sources include: CDC, MMWR, Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance System, YRBSS,
vital records, US Census Bureau, health care system, state & local agencies, literature,
etc.
Stakeholders CORRECT ANSWERS Individuals or agencies that have a vested interest
in the health education program
Social Determinants of Health CORRECT ANSWERS Conditions in which people are
born, live, work, play, and age that affect their health risks, health, daily functioning, and
quality of life.
Health disparities- differences in access to or availability of facilities and services
Health inequities- are avoidable inequalities in health between groups of people within
countries and between countries
Epidemiological Method (needs assessment model) CORRECT ANSWERS focuses on
epidemiological data (death rates, prevalence rates, birth rates, etc.)
Public Health Model (needs assessment model) CORRECT ANSWERS Attempts to
quantify health problems and often uses epidemiological data. This model can be more
focused on a specific population and can be mindful of limitations of resources.
Social Model (needs assessment model) CORRECT ANSWERS Investigates social or
political issues that influence health.
Asset Model (needs assessment model) CORRECT ANSWERS Focuses on the
strengths of a community, organization, or population and looks to find ways to use
existing assets to improve health.
Rapid Model (needs assessment model) CORRECT ANSWERS Is used when time and
money are lacking for a needs assessment. Offers basic information, but is often lacking
in detail.
, Needs Assessment Models CORRECT ANSWERS Are not independent - you can use
several at once.
PRECEDE-PROCEED CORRECT ANSWERS Specific in the order and types of
information that should be collected. https://ctb.ku.edu/en/table-contents/overview/other-
models-promoting-community-health-and-development/preceder-proceder/main
Mobilizing for Action through Planning and Partnerships (MAPP) CORRECT ANSWERS
Community driven strategic planning process for improving community health.
Facilitated by public health leaders, this framework helps communities apply strategic
thinking to prioritize public health issues and identify resources to address them.
Intervention Mapping Approach CORRECT ANSWERS Framework for health education
intervention development.
Is composed of 5 steps:
creating a matrix of proximal program objectives; selecting theory-based intervention
methods and practical strategies;
designing and organizing a program;
specifying adoption and implementation plans; and generating program evaluation plans
PRECEDE (Predisposing, Reinforcing, and Enabling Constructs in Educational
Diagnosis and Evaluation) CORRECT ANSWERS Phase 1: Social Assessment- define
the quality of life of the priority population; define the ultimate outcome; what outcome
does the community find most important?
Phase 2: Epidemiological Assessment - Identify the health problems/issues of the
priority population and determine and prioritize behavioral, lifestyle, and environmental
risk factors associated with the health problem.
Phase 3: Educational and Ecological Assessment - determine predisposing (individual
knowledge & affective traits), enabling (those that make possible a change in behavior,
such as skills), and reinforcing (feedback & encouragement for a changed behavior,
perhaps from significant other) factors. identify the factors that will create the behavior
and environmental changes you've decided on in Phase 2.
PROCEED (Policy, Regulatory, and Organizational Constructs in Educational and
Environmental Development) CORRECT ANSWERS Phase 4: Administrative & Policy
Assessment - determine the resources available for program
Phase 5: Implementation - select strategies and activities; begin program
Phase 6: Process Evaluation - Document program feasibility; are you actually doing
what you planned?
Phase 7: Impact Evaluation - Assess the immediate effect of an intervention; initial
success
Phase 8: Outcome Evaluation- determines whether long-term program goals were met
Ethical Frameworks (applied to planning) CORRECT ANSWERS Autonomy - personal
right to self-determination and choice
Criticality - the worst off benefit the most
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