STA Midterm Exam
Questions and Complete
Solutions Graded A+
Data - Answer: consist of information coming from observations, counts, measurements, or responses
Statistics - Answer: The science of collecting, organizing, analyzing, and interpreting data in order to
make decisions
parameter - Answer: a number that describes a population characteristic ex: average age of all people in
the united states
Statistic - Answer: a number that describes a sample chatacteristic ex: average age of people from
sample of three states
Inferential statistics - Answer: involves using sample data to draw conclusions about a population.
qualitative data - Answer: consists of attributes, labels, or non-numerical entries ex: gender, birthplace,
college major, eye color, favorite movie, high school attended, dominant hand
Quantitative data - Answer: numerical measurements or counts ex: age, height, IQ, GPA, shoe size,
number of }<I/
continuous data - Answer: precise age, height, weight, gpa, distance from home to school
, results when there are no gaps, interruptions, or jumps between possible data values within the range
of values (typically result of measurement process)
*HOW MUCH?
gpa can be between 0 and 4
discrete data - Answer: number of siblings, shoe size, number of speeding tickets, quantity of eggs in
carton.
only certain numbers are possible data values
**How many?
observational study - Answer: a researcher observes and measures characteristics of interest of part of a
population
experiment - Answer: a treatment is applied to part of a population and responses are observed
simulation - Answer: researcher uses mathmatical or physical mmodel to reproduce the conditions of a
situation or process
survey - Answer: an investigation of one or more characteristics of a population which is commonly done
by interview, mail, or telephone
Key Elements of Experimental Design - Answer: control, randomization, replication
stratified sample - Answer: divide a population into groups and select a random sample from each
group.
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