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PS 103 Final questions and answers certified 2024
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PS 103 Final questions and answers certified 2024
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PS 103 FinalCutpoint - correct answer ✔-Point halfway between the two options in a vote,
those on either side of the point will prefer the policy on that side
-Ex: if options are 38% or 30% tax the cutpoint is 34%
-When the point of the median becomes the status quo nothing will beat that
option because the majority of members will end up on the no side of the
cutpoint
Party median - correct answer ✔-Median view just among the members of
either party- different than the floor median of all members
-If the party median differs from the floor median the party can use their
gatekeeping powers to keep things off the floor that would move closer to the
floor than party median even if it would pass on the floor
Message votes - correct answer ✔-Legislative majorities can pass
messaging bills in areas of party unity that will send a message to voters even
if they don't expect it to become law under DPC
-Expected when there are insecure majorities as parties want to make
themselves look right and good and the other party bad- position taking and
credit claiming on a party wide level
Conditional party government theory - correct answer ✔-There will be strong
party leaders when the party has internally unified policy views and is far apart
from the opposition party
-Members will take power away from party leaders when the opposite is true
as they want to send out a strong leader when there are shared policy goals-
they can trust to delegate
-Polarization means parties are homogeneous and distant, making even
members towards the middle very far from the other party's median
, Reed's rules - correct answer ✔-Rules giving House speaker a lot of power
and taking power away from minority party, set of rules instituted when Reed
was speaker to crush minority opposition
-Turns House into a pure majority rule institution, meaning if that party stays
unified and with a strong leader they can accomplish a lot
-Differentiates the House from Senate in terms of how much power the
minority has
Revolt against speaker Cannon - correct answer ✔-Republicans begin
working with Democrats to pass rules that limited the power of the speaker by
getting a loophole rules change through simple majority
-The Speaker is removed from the Rules Committee and stripped of their
committee appointment power- parties turn to seniority systems that allow
committees to become independent- rise of committee government
Committee government - correct answer ✔-Mid 20th century Democrats held
a consistent majority but strong internal party divisions caused Southern
Democrats from safer seats to get chair positions through seniority and then
work with Republicans to accomplish more conservative agendas
-Committees has a lot of power rather than parties, members were careful to
not upset committee chairs
-Ended with 1970s reforms that gave power back to Speaker and party
leadership
Seniority system - correct answer ✔-When power was taken from speaker to
appoint committee leaders parties began nominating their own members and
adopted norms of seniority and to not remove chairs
-This allowed for committee independence and also massively benefitted
Southern Democrats who held very safe seats giving them a lot of seniority
and therefore power in the committee system and House
-Chair positions being done by seniority was overturned in 1970's reforms to
keep chairs accountable to their party
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