NHA CCMA Diseases Exam Questions and Correct Answers Latest Update 2024-2025
Diabetes mellitus (Type 1) - Answers Causes: Unknown, autoimmune, genetic, or environment.
Conditions: Polyuria, Polydipsia, Fatigue, Blurry Vision, Weight Loss, Increase in Blood glucose,
Treatments: Insulin Therapy
Diabetes mellitus (Type 2) - Answers Causes: Obesity, Inactive, Genetic
Conditions: Polyuria, Polydipsia, Fatigue, Increase in Blood glucose
Treatments:Diet, Exercise, Insulin, Medication
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - Answers Causes: Unknown (possibly genetic, excessive insulin)
Conditions: Irregular menstrual cycles, Elevated hormone levels, Multiple cysts on ovaries
Treatments: Weight loss, Estrogen and progestin
Hypothyroidism - Answers Causes: Autoimmune disease, Medications, Thyroid surgery
Conditions: Fatigue, Weight gain, Muscle aches, Bradycardia, Depression, Elevated cholesterol, Dry skin
Treatments: Synthetic thyroid hormone medication (levothyroxine)
Hyperthyroidism - Answers Causes: Graves disease, Thyroiditis, Plummer's disease
Conditions: Weight loss, Tachycardia, Anxiety, Fatigue, Sleep disruption, Goiter
Treatments: Radioactive iodine, Antithyroid medication, Beta blockers, Thyroidectomy
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BBC) - Answers Causes: Light/fair skin, Sun exposure
Conditions: New growth or sore that does not heal
Treatments: Curettage and electrodessication, Mohs surgery, Cryosurgery, Laser therapy
Squamous Cell Carcinoma - Answers Causes: Light/fair skin, Sun exposure, Less common than BCC
Conditions: Spreads to surrounding tissue, Most common on face and head
Treatments: Curettage and electrodessication, Mohs surgery, Cryosurgery, Laser therapy
Malignant Melanoma - Answers Causes: Light/fair skin, Sun exposure
Conditions: Itchy/bleeding mole, New mole, Mole with changes
Treatments: Depends on stage of lesion, Surgery, Lymph node biopsy, Chemotherapy, Radiation
therapy, Immunotherapy
, Acne vulgaris - Answers Causes: Surge of sex hormones during puberty, Excess sebum on skin surface
Conditions: Black heads, white heads (comedos), Papules, pustules
Treatments: Regular cleansing of affected area, OTC benzoyl peroxide products, Prescription medication
(topical or oral)
Alopecia - Answers Causes: Often hereditary, Hormone changes, Chemotherapy, Stress, Burns, Fungal
skin infections
Conditions: Loss or lack of hair anywhere on the body, typically on the scalp, Can include eyebrows and
eyelashes
Treatments: No cure, Hair transplants and medications can slow progression
Cellulitis - Answers Causes: Staphylococcal and streptococcal bacterial infections
Conditions: Red, tight skin, Pain in inflamed area, Fever
Treatments: Oral/topical antibiotics, Hospitalization if at risk for developing systemic infection
Dermatitis - Answers Causes: Multiple causative agents, Contact with irritants
Conditions: Inflammation of skin resulting in rash and pruritus
Treatments: Treatment is based on cause, Corticosteroid creams, Oral steroids
Eczema - Answers Causes: Unknown (possible allergy or inflammatory condition)
Conditions: Chronic dermatitis with vesicular eruptions developing into itchy, red, scaly rash
Treatments: Topical or systemic steroids, NSAIDs for discomfort
Folliculitis - Answers Causes: Shaving or repeated rubbing of shaved area, Bacteria or fungi
Conditions: Red, itchy hair follicles (pimple appearance)
Treatments: Regular cleansing of affected area, Topical antibiotics, Electric shaver instead of razor
Herpes simplex - Answers Causes: Contact with herpes simplex virus
Conditions: Type I: painful blisters on lips, mouth, and face
Type II: similar lesions, located in genital area
Treatments: No cure, Antiviral medication to decrease frequency of outbreaks
Impetigo - Answers Causes: Staphylococcal and streptococcal bacteria
Conditions: Itchy, oozing skin lesions with honey-like appearing crust
