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IHI PS 103 b questions and answers already passed 2024
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IHI PS 103 b questions and answers already passed 2024
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IHI PS 103: Human Factors and SafetyPost lesson assessments 1-3
Which of the following types of errors is associated with controlled thinking? -
correct answer ✔Controlled thinking is when we consciously, often slowly,
solve problems and make decisions. This is when errors of planning can
occur, also known as "mistakes." In comparison, automatic thinking is rapid,
effortless thought, during which we are vulnerable to what experts call skill-
based errors, which include errors of execution or memory storage.
At the end of a double shift, an experienced nurse with an excellent track
record gives a medication to the wrong patient. Based on human factors
principles, what would you recommend as the best way to prevent the same
error from recurring? - correct answer ✔The best answer is to improve
medication administration processes. The nurse was most likely fatigued after
a double shift, which made her prone to error. We cannot sustain performance
by merely trying hard and paying attention, and fatigue can affect performance
no matter how hard you try or how excellent your training may be. When you
are fatigued, you need processes that help prevent you from making an error,
or mitigate the effects of an error if you do make one.
Which of the following types of errors is associated with automatic thinking? -
correct answer ✔Automatic thinking is rapid, effortless thought, during which
we are vulnerable to what experts call skill-based errors, which include errors
of execution or memory storage. In comparison, controlled thinking is when
we consciously, often slowly, solve problems and make decisions. This is
when errors of planning can occur, also known as "mistakes."
Which of the following is an example of unconscious processing by the brain?
- correct answer ✔Optical illusions and mistakes involving look-alike drugs
and names reflect unconscious processing by the human brain. Unconscious
processing is a fundamental part of human cognition that can lead to human
error even when people are trying their best. Safe systems take these known
, characteristics of human cognition into account to help people do things the
right way.
At the end of a double shift, an experienced nurse with an excellent track
record gives a medication to the wrong patient. Based on human factors
principles, what would you guess was the biggest contributor to this error? -
correct answer ✔The nurse was most likely fatigued after a double shift,
which made her prone to error. We cannot sustain performance by merely
trying hard and paying attention, and fatigue can affect performance no matter
how hard you try or how excellent your training may be. When you are
fatigued, you need processes that help prevent you from making an error, or
mitigate the effects of an error if you do make one.
The first time you admit a patient using your health system's new EHR, you
see a screen pop up as you are attempting to enter orders. At the top it says,
"You must enter orders for DVT (blood clot) prevention before completion of
this admission order set. Click here to complete this order."
This pop-up box is an example of the use of: - correct answer ✔Forcing
functions make it impossible to skip a task. Just as you cannot put a car into
reverse unless your foot is on the brake, you cannot complete this particular
admission order in this EHR unless you address the prevention of blood clots.
This is not an example of simplification, as it actually adds a step. At the same
time, it's not repeating a step, so it's not an example of redundancy.
Which of the following is a basic strategy for minimizing the opportunity for
error in a process? - correct answer ✔The science of human factors has
helped us identify many design principles that can help prevent errors;
simplifying processes is one such principle. At its most basic level, simplifying
involves taking steps out of a process (for example, this could mean
automating a manual part of the process). If something is too complex, users
may find a simpler but more dangerous way to achieve the end result (a
"workaround"), and it can lead to significant problems.
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