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ATLS study cards Questions and Answers (Verified by Expert)2025/2026
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ATLS study cards Questions and Answers (Verified by Expert)2025/2026
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ATLS study cardsGlasgow
Coma
Scale
Chance fracture
Transverse fracture via vertebra.
In youngsters typically associated with enterc disruption. Seen in motor car accidents regarding
handiest lap belt.
May be associated with retroperitoneal and Abdominal visceral accidents.
Anterior hip dislocation
Flexed, kidnapped, externally turned around.
Burst fracture
Associated with vertebral-axial compression accidents
Posterior hip dislocation
Flexed, aDDucted, internally rotated
Anterior shoulder dislocation
Squared off appearance
Posterior shoulder dislocation
Lock in inner rotation.
Ankle dislocation
Most are Externally circled, with a distinguished medial malleolus.
FULL thickness (third diploma) burn
,Dark or white and leathery. Translucent white as nicely. Painless and normally "dry" Does no
longer blanch with stress. Very little swelling of burned tissue.
Principle Life saving measures for sufferers with burn accidents encompass
-Establishing airway manage
-Stopping the burning. System
-Intravenous get right of entry to
Factors that increase the hazard for higher AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION in burns consist of:
-Burns to the pinnacle and face
-Burn size and intensity
-Burns within the mouth
Partial thickness burn
Red made over appearance with related swelling and blister formation. May have weeping or
wet appearance and is painfully hypersensitive even to air modern-day.
Signs and symptoms and records that propose INHALATION INJURY consist of:
These sufferers must be intubated. Inhalation harm is an indication for transfer to a burn middle.
Rule of nines - person
The palm represents 1% of the frame general surface location.
Symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning and respective levels
PaO2 does now not reliably are expecting carbon monoxide poisoning due to the fact a CO
partial stress of most effective 1 mmm Hg outcomes in a hemoglobin CO degree of 40% or
more.
Carbon monoxide has how regularly more affinity for hemoglobin than oxygen
240 times.
It displaces the oxyhemoglobin desaturated curve to the LEFT.
Two criteria required for the analysis of smoke inhalation harm
-Exposure to a flamable agent
, -Signs of exposure to smoke in the lower airway, under the vocal cords, by bronchoscopy.
Performing this motion will help reduce neck and chest wall edema in patients with burn and
inhalation damage.
Elevation of the top and chest by 30 ranges.
IV fluid administration formulation for burn sufferers
Indicated in burns involving over 20% of the body floor vicinity.
*(2-four mL/kg of LR/NS) (weight in kg) (% area of burn); supply 1/2 of this volume in first 8
hours. Remainder in over sixteen hours.
Large caliber, at least 15 gauge intravenous line should be added.
Pitfalls for IV fluid necessities for burn sufferers.
These sufferers require greater fluid requirements: ~immolation harm
~pediatric burn sufferers
~concomitant blunt or overwhelm
accidents.
Basic rules concerning IV fluids management in burn sufferers
IV fluid Rate ought to not be based totally on the time of real harm.
In very small youngsters, much less than 10 kilograms, it can be important to feature glucose to
the IV fluids to keep away from hypoglycemia.
Any adjustment in IV fluid charge have to be based on urine output. In an grownup, urine output
above zero.Five ml/ kilogram have to bring about discount of IV fluid rate.
Initial remedy of frostbite/ bloodless injuries
Place injured component in circulating water and a regular 40 degrees centigrade until purple
colour and perfusion return, usually within 20 to 30 minutes.
Antibiotics aren't indicated empirically until contamination develops later.
Persisted ACIDEMIA in burn victims may additionally mirror...
Cyanide poisoning. (Cyanide is a naturally happening toxin that can be inhaled in a limited area
hearth).
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