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DIT 121 - Final Exam Practice Questions and Answers What are phytochemicals? Name an example and explain the benefit. - ANSWER-compounds found in plant-derived foods that have biological activity in the body example: carotenoids - acts as antioxidant - may prevent some cancers Name the primary...

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  • November 4, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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KaylinHoffman
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DIT 121 - Final Exam Practice Questions

and Answers


What are phytochemicals? Name an example and explain the benefit. - ANSWER✔✔-compounds found

in plant-derived foods that have biological activity in the body




example: carotenoids - acts as antioxidant - may prevent some cancers


Name the primary function fat soluble vitamin: A - ANSWER✔✔--promoting vision (retinal)


-protein synthesis and cell differentiation (retinoic acid)


-supporting reproduction and regulating growth (retinol)


-maintains the health of epithelial tissues and skin (retinoic acid)


-Antioxidant in the form of beta carotene


Name the primary function fat soluble vitamin: D - ANSWER✔✔--actually a hormone


-has binding protein that carries it to another body part to respond


-*bone growth*: assist in the absorption of calcium and phosphorus


-*tissue support*: immune system, brain, nervous system, pancreas, skin, muscle, cartilage and

reproductive organs


Name the primary function fat soluble vitamin: E - ANSWER✔✔-*-antioxidant*



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-body's primary defender against the adverse effects of free radicals


>stop the chain reaction of free radicals from producing more free radicals - protects cell membranes

from destruction


-prevents the oxidation of the polyunsaturated fatty acids


-may reduce the risk of heart disease


>protects LDL again oxidation and reducing inflammation


Name the primary function fat soluble vitamin: K - ANSWER✔✔-*-essential for blood clotting-*


-essential for the activation of several proteins: prothrombin - made by liver as a precursor of the protein

thrombin


*-bone metabolism of proteins-*


-without vit ___ *osteocalcin* cannot bind to minerals that normally form bones


What is beta-carotene? Where do we find it? Why is it important in the diet? - ANSWER✔✔--one of the

carotenoids


-orange pigment found in plants


-Vitamin A precursor


-We need vitamin A for healthy skin and mucus membranes, our immune system, and good eye health

and vision.


What is the daily recommended intake of water for adults? - ANSWER✔✔--8-12 cups a day (adults)


List the major function trace mineral:



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Iron - ANSWER✔✔--Mostly found in proteins: Hemoglobin /Myoglobin


-Cofactor in oxidation/reduction reactions


-Participates in electron transport chain


-Detoxifies drugs


-Part of tissue enzymes


List the major function of trace mineral:


Zinc - ANSWER✔✔--required as a cofactor by more than 100 enzymes


-stabilizes cell membranes and DNA


-strengthens antioxidant against free radicals


-assists in immune function and growth/development


-essential to normal taste


-wound healing


-reproductive functions


List the major function trace mineral: Chromium - ANSWER✔✔--carbohydrate and lipid metabolism


-maintains glucose homeostasis by enhancing insulin


What is the DRI for sodium? - ANSWER✔✔-1,500 mg


What enhances nonheme iron absorption from plants? - ANSWER✔✔--MFP factor


-Vitamin C



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