Psych 329 Chapter 1 Midterm Exam
Questions And All Correct Answers.
biopsychosocial perspective - Answer a view of development as a complex interaction of biological,
psychological, and social processes. Aging is not a simple, straightforward progression through time. Your
body undergoes biological changes influenced by genetics or physiology. you change psychologically in
ways that reflect what's happening to your body that, in turn, affect your body's changes. All of this takes
place in a social context.
people age differently depending on - Answer where and when they live, whom they interact with, and
what resources they have available to them.
Biological processes - Answer how the body's functions and structures change throughout the aging
process.
Psychological processes - Answer the individual's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors related to growing
older.
social processes - Answer reflect the cultural, historical, and interpersonal influences on the individual
gerontology - Answer the scientific study of the aging process, is an interdisciplinary field. People who
devote their professional lives to the study of ______ come from many different academic and applied
areas. It's almost impossible to be a ________ist without applying this integrative view to your work.
________ is distinct from geriatrics, which is the medical specialty in aging.
identity - Answer a composite of how people view themselves in the biological, psychological, and
social domains of life. The interaction of these domains forms an overall view of the "self."
4 principles of adult development and aging - Answer 1. Changes are continuous over the lifespan
2. Only the survivors grow old
3. Individuality matters
4. Normal aging is different from disease
,Principle 1: Changes are continuous over the lifespan (continuity principle) - Answer the changes that
people experience in later adulthood build on the experiences they had in their earlier years. we can
never isolate the later years of life without considering the years preceding them. the changes
throughout life build upon themselves in a cumulative fashion. If you were hard on your body as a young
adult, chances are the changes you'll undergo when you're older will be more negative than if you took
good care of yourself.
Changes are continuous over the lifespan (how people see themselves) - Answer The continuity
principle also applies to the way that people think about their own identities. You know that you're the
same person you always were, despite getting older. Birthdays don't transform you into a different
person. You don't look the same to others, but you feel essentially the "same" on the inside.
When others look at you, however, they don't necessarily share this perspective. People don't meet you
for the first time and think about what you were like when you were younger—they see you as you are
now.
what is an important implication of the continuity principle when working with older adults? - Answer
they would prefer to be treated as the people they always were, rather than as "old people. older adults
are often stereotyped as weak and infirm, when in reality, they want to be viewed as individuals who
possess strengths they have built up over their entire lives. They don't want to be stereotyped on the
basis of the way they look to the world right now.
what do some nursing homes do to remind employees to not stereotype older adults? - Answer display
pictures of the residents from their younger years on the nameplates outside their doors. The residents
and their visitors think of them in this way, and it's helpful if those who work with them are reminded of
this fact as well.
Principle 2: Only the Survivors Grow Old (survivor principle) - Answer the people who live to old age
are the ones who managed to outlive the many threats that could have caused their deaths at earlier
ages. it's not the good who die young, but the ones who fall victim to the forces that cause people to
lose their lives. Survivors not only manage to avoid random causes of their own fatalities but also are
more likely to take care of their health, not engage in risky behaviors (such as driving too fast or getting
involved in crime), or using drugs and alcohol excessively.
which principle exemplifies the biopsychosocial perspective? - Answer the survivor principle
, - the survivors avoid death until late in life suggests that they may have inherited good genes or at least
managed to maintain their physical abilities (biological factors), are cognitively and emotionally healthy
(psychological factors), and have surrounded themselves with a good support system (social factors).
how do the biological, psychological and social factors build on each other in the survivor principle? -
Answer People with stronger cognitive skills are more likely to attend college which, in turn, provides
them with greater economic resources that can sustain their health and well-being. A combination of
mental and physical health and adequate resources, plus a dose of good luck, allow them to be with us
today.
Across the years of adulthood, the population of people born around the same time thins out so that, by
the later years - Answer only the hardiest are still alive.
Why must gerontologists take the survivor principle into account when interpreting the results of their
research? - Answer it is likely that survivors are not like the people born at the same time as they were.
They may have been born with greater resilience, but they also likely took care to maintain their health
and preserve their longevity. There are many ways to lose one's life as you get older, from such causes as
terminal illness or accidents, that to become an older adult, you have to possess some incredibly special
characteristics.
survivor principle and research on aging - Answer all older adults who participate in research are
survivors of the conditions that others did not endure. As time goes by, more of older population will die.
When they reach age 90 or 100, they most likely represent a different population than their now-
deceased age mates. The older they get, the more select they become in such key characteristics as
physical functioning, health, intelligence, and even personality (Baird et al., 2010)
survivor principle: differences between younger and older people - Answer older people alive today
were a special group when they were young. The younger adults have not yet been subjected to the
same conditions that could threaten their lives. Some will die before they reach old age. Knowing who
will be the survivors is impossible to predict, meaning we may be comparing highly select older adults
with a wider range of younger adults. we cannot conclude that age "caused" the older adults to have the
characteristics they have now because they might always have been a special subset of their own age
group.
survivor principle and cautiousness characteristic - Answer older people are less likely to take risks and
engage in criminal behaviour than are younger people. It's possible that as people age they are better
able to avoid behaving in ways that could bring them harm or get them arrested. Alternatively, it's
possible that they did not change at all and are the only ones left standing from their generation. people
