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NUR 242 MED SURG EXAM 3|VERIFIED EXAM GUIDE |100% ACCURATE EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS,ALL GRADED A+|GUARANTEED SUCCESS|LATEST UPDATES$15.49
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NUR 242 MED SURG EXAM 3|VERIFIED EXAM GUIDE |100% ACCURATE EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS,ALL GRADED A+|GUARANTEED SUCCESS|LATEST UPDATES
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NUR 242 MED SURG
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NUR 242 MED SURG
NUR 242 MED SURG EXAM 3|VERIFIED EXAM GUIDE |100% ACCURATE EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS,ALL GRADED A+|GUARANTEED SUCCESS|LATEST UPDATES
What is ventilation? - ANSWER-the movement of air into and out of the lungs
What is perfusion? - ANSWER-the circulation of blood through the lungs...
What is surfactant? - ANSWER-✔complex substance lining the alveoli and smallest
bronchioles containing phospholipids and a number of apoproteins which reduces
surface tension throughout the lungs, thereby contributing to its general compliance;
stabilizes the alveoli and keeps them dry
What produces surfactant? - ANSWER-✔produced by the Type II alveolar cells
What is Ohm's law? - ANSWER-✔velocity = driving force/resistance
What is Poiseuille law? - ANSWER-✔resistance = (8 x viscosity x length) / (pi x
radius^4)
What happens if the radius in the lungs goes down? - ANSWER-✔the resistance
goes up
How is the ventilation distributed in the lungs? - ANSWER-✔the top of the lungs are
more distended and less compliant whereas the lower lung is small and highly
compliant
What factors affect lung perfusion? - ANSWER-✔lung capacitance;
low resistance system;
flow influenced by gravity;
resistance primarily determined by vessel radius
What does hypoxia lead to? - ANSWER-✔vasoconstriction of pulmonary vessels
What does prolonged hypoxia lead to? - ANSWER-✔pulmonary hypertension
What factors affect alveolar-capillary diffusion? - ANSWER-✔capillary permeability;
surface area available for diffusion;
concentration gradient for the gas;
distance for diffusion
What causes right shifts (decreased affinity) in Hemoglobin-O2 affinity? - ANSWER-
✔acidemia;
hyperthermia;
hypercarbia
What causes left shifts (increased affinity) in Hemoglobin-O2 affinity? - ANSWER-
✔alkalemia;
hypothermia;
hypocarbia
What is hypoxemia? - ANSWER-✔deficient blood oxygen;
, low PaO2;
low O2 saturation
What is hypoxia? - ANSWER-✔decreased tissue oxygen
What is hypoxic hypoxia? - ANSWER-✔decreased tissue oxygen caused by
decreased respirations
What is anemic hypoxia? - ANSWER-✔decreased tissue oxygen caused by decreased
hemoglobin
What is circulatory hypoxia? - ANSWER-✔decreased tissue oxygen caused by
decreased blood flow
What is histotoxic hypoxia? - ANSWER-✔decreased tissue oxygen caused by
increased toxic substance
What is ischemia? - ANSWER-✔greatly reduced or interrupted flow through the
arterial system, producing significant tissue hypoxia
What is hypercapnia? - ANSWER-✔increased level of CO2 in the blood
What are S&S of acute hypoxia? - ANSWER-✔dyspnea; restlessness; palpitations;
agitation; headache; tremors; diaphoresis; respiratory distress; cyanosis; tachypnea;
tachycardia; dysrhythmias; hypertension; lethargy; confusion to coma
What are some effects of hypercapnia? - ANSWER-✔respiratory acidosis (decreased
pH from increase in CO2); lethargy and confusion; increased HR and BP; flushed skin;
arrhythmias; seizures; coma; death
What is dyspnea? - ANSWER-✔subjective feeling of being SOB
What does dyspnea lead to? - ANSWER-✔decreased sense of wellness which may
cause psychological and social consequences
What is the leading cause of cancer death? - ANSWER-✔lung cancer
What is lung cancer most likely caused by? - ANSWER-✔cigarette smoking;
asbestos;
familial predisposition
What are the manifestations of lung cancer? - ANSWER-✔cough, hemoptysis (blood
in cough sputum);
hoarseness;
chest pain;
often disseminated (spread widely) at time of diagnosis
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