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HESI EXIT Saunders Questions And 100% Correct Answers
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HESI EXIT Saunders Questions And 100% CorrectAnswers 2025-2026
ENDOCRINE
A client is brought to the emergency department in an unresponsive state, and a
diagnosis of hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome is made. The nurse would
immediately prepare to initiate which anticipated health care provider's prescription?
1. Endotracheal intubation
2. 100 units of NPH insulin
3. Intravenous infusion of normal saline
4. Intravenous infusion of sodium bicarbonate - Answer 3
HHS Treatment involves rehydration of the client to reestablish fluid volume and
correction of electrolyte deficiency.
Avoid using sodium bicarbonate for correction of acidosis because it can further
precipitate a drop in serum potassium level.
An external insulin pump is ordered for a client with diabetes mellitus. A client asks the
nurse how the pump works. Based on what is known about this pump, the nurse bases
the response on which of the following? SELECT 1. It is timed to release programmed
doses of either short-duration or NPH insulin into the bloodstream at specific intervals.
2. It continuously infuses small amounts of NPH insulin into the blood while continuously
monitoring for blood glucose
3. It is surgically attached to the pancreas and infuses regular insulin into the pancreas.
The result is that insulin is released into the blood.
4. It delivers a small constant dose of short-duration insulin subcutaneously. The client
can self-administer an additional bolus dose from the pump before each meal.-Answer 4
,A client is admitted to the emergency department with the diagnosis of diabetic
ketoacidosis. Which of the following findings would be consistent with this diagnosis?
(Select all that apply.)
1. Increased pH
2. Coma
3. Kussmaul respirations
4. Oliguria
5. Hyperglycemia - Answer 2,3,5
The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client with diabetes mellitus
regarding the differentiation of symptoms between hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis.
Which symptom or symptoms listed below would indicate to the client that a form of
glucose should be taken? 1. Polyuria 2. Shakiness 3. Palpitations 4. Blurred vision 5.
Lightheadedness 6. Fruity breath odor - Answers 2,3,5
A patient with diabetes mellitus is admitted to the hospital for the treatment of
hyperglycemia and exhibits overt anxiety. Which of the following interventions would
alleviate anxiety for the patient?
1. Sedation medication is administered to the patient.
2. The patient is treated with empathy, trust, and respect.
3. The signs and symptoms of anxiety are ignored because they will resolve on their own
in a short period of time.
4. Make sure the client is familiar with the correct medical terms to reiterate what is
happening in an effort to better understand. - Answer 2
The nurse is educating a newly diagnosed client with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The nurse
recognizes that the client appropriately understands measures to prevent diabetic
ketoacidosis when the client states:
1. "I won't take my insulin if I am sick and can't eat my food."
2. "I will decrease my insulin dose when I am sick."
3. "I will increase my insulin dose according to my urine glucose level."
4. "I will call my HCP if my blood glucose is greater than 250 mg/dL (14.2 mmol/L).".
,A client is admitted to a hospital with the diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis. The first
blood glucose obtained is 950 mg/dL (54.2 mmol/L). A continuous intravenous infusion of
short-acting insulin is started and IV rehydration with normal saline is begun. After the
above intervention, the serum glucose is now reduced to 240 mg/dL (13.7 mmol/L). In
this situation, the nurse would next prepare to administer which medication?
1. An ampule of 50% dextrose
2. NPH insulin subcutaneously
3. IV fluids containing dextrose
4. Phenytoin to prevent seizures - Correct Answer 3
Once blood glucose reaches 250 to 300mg/dL (14.2 to 17.1mmol/L) the IV infusion rate is
reduced and dextrose solution is added to IV fluids to maintain a blood glucose level
around 250mg/dl
The nurse is caring for a client who is newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. The nurse
should monitor the client for the development of complications of the disease. Which of
the following manifestations, if exhibited by the client, would indicate that the client is at
risk for chronic complications of diabetes if the blood glucose is not appropriately
managed?
1. Polyuria
2. Diaphoresis
3. Pedal edema
4. Decreased respiratory rate - Answer 1
Classic symptoms of hyperglycemia include polydipsia, polyuria, and polyphagia.
The nurse is planning a care plan for a client who has diabetes mellitus and manifests
signs of hyperglycemia. The nurse selects the priority client problem as which of the
following?
1. Knowledge deficit
2. Deficient fluid volume
3. Family coping complicated
4. Inadequate nutrition - Answer 2
, The home health nurse visits a client diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The client
reports having had vomiting and diarrhea and states that nothing has been eaten now
for 24 hours. Which of the following additional statements made by this client indicates a
need for further teaching?
1. "I should stop my insulin."
2. "I should increase my fluid intake."
3. "I need to check my blood glucose level every 3 to 4 hours."
4. "I need to call the HCP because of the following symptoms." - Response 1
The nurse is working with a patient who has received hypophysectomy and who exhibits
clear nasal drainage from the nostril. The nurse's first response should be to:
1. Place the head of the bed low.
2. Test the drainage for glucose.
3. Obtain a culture of the drainage
4. Continue to monitor the drainage - Response 2
hypophysectomy is the surgical removal of the pituitary gland
client should be monitored for rhinorrhea that could indicate a leakage of cerebrospinal
fluid. If this does indeed occur, the drainage is to be collected and tested for the
presence of cerebrospinal fluid. Cerebrospinal fluid contains sugar and if positive would
indicate that the leakage is cerebrospinal fluid.
The nurse is admitting a client who is diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate
antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) and has serum sodium of 118 mEq/L (118
mmol/L). Which health care provider prescriptions should the nurse expect to receive?
Select all that apply.
1. Initiate an infusion of 3% NaCl.
2. Administer intravenous furosemide.
3. Restrict fluids to 800 mL over 24 hours.
4. Elevate the head of the bed to high Fowler's.
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