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NUR 310 Exam 2 Questions with Correct Answers
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NUR 310 Exam 2 Questions with Correct Answers
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NUR 310 Exam 2 Questions with CorrectAnswers
safety - Answer-refers to the prevention of health care errors and the elimination or
mitigation of patient injury caused by health care errors.
types of health care errors: - Answer-error of commission; error of omission; error of
execution
types of errors: - Answer-diagnostic; treatment; preventative; diagnostic
levels of errors: - Answer-adverse event; near miss; sentinel event
error of commission - Answer-doing the wrong thing
error of omission - Answer-not doing the right thing
error of execution - Answer-doing the right thing incorrectly
adverse event - Answer-unintended harm by an act of commission or omission rather
than as a result of a disease process
near miss - Answer-error of commission or omission that could have harmed a patient,
but harm did not occur as a result of chance
sentinel event - Answer-unexpected occurrence involving death or serious injury
why are many errors undocumented or are not reported? - Answer-due to staff fear of
reprisal, lack of adequate systems to report, limited staff education about safety and
report process
blunt end - Answer-latent errors; organizational/system
sharp end - Answer-active errors; direct patient care
culture of blame - Answer-previously existed; identified clinician at fault, followed by
disciplinary measures
culture of safety - Answer-focus on what went wrong rather than who to blame; needed
to address errors and to prevent a reoccurrence; look at what happened as opposed to
who did it
just culture - Answer-seeks to find a balance between the need to learn from mistakes
and the need for disciplinary action against employees
,there has to be a balance between what when it comes to errors? - Answer-blame and
accepting responsibility and learning from mistakes
concept attributes to safety - Answer-knowledge; skills; attitudes
knowledge concept attribute of safety - Answer-focus of safety is on the execution of
skills, as well as on technology and systems level; human factors, not just skills
skills concept attribute of safety - Answer-nurses need to use tools to contribute to safer
systems
attitudes concept attribute of safety - Answer-nurses and other health care professionals
need to value their roles in safety and collaboration; Nurses' personal and professional
attitudes are instrumental in shaping their nursing practice and recognizing the cognitive
and physical limits of human performance
QSEN competencies: - Answer-patient-centered care; teamwork and collaboration;
evidence-based nursing practice; quality improvement; informatics; safety
QSEN project - Answer-has been the national leader in defining the competencies for
safety by specifying the knowledge, skills and attitude objectives for all nurses including
pre-licensure and graduate students
As nurses how do we address /prevent the safety factors that place individuals at risk? -
Answer-the nurse's role in prevention is largely educative; observation or prediction of
potentially harmful situations so that harm can be avoided; client education that
empowers clients to protect themselves and their families from injury
desired outcomes of addressing/preventing the safety factors that place individuals at
risk: - Answer-acquisition of knowledge of hazards; behaviors that incorporate safety
practices; skills to perform in the event of certain emergencies
examples of desired outcomes: - Answer-describe methods to prevent specific hazards;
report use of home safety measures; alter home physical environment to reduce risk of
injury; describe emergency procedures for poisoning and fire; describe age-specific
risks or work safety risks or community safety risks; demonstrate correct use of child
safety seats; demonstrate correct administration of CPR; today focus on point of care
safety related to falls and restraint use
The Joint Commission National Patient Safety Goals 2016 Long Term Care: - Answer-
identify residents correctly - use at least 2 ways to ID residents; use medicines safely -
take extra care with anticoagulants and record and pass along correct info about
residents' medication; prevent infection - had hygiene and prevention of central line
infections; prevent residents from falling - fall risk assessment; prevent bed sores - skin
assessment
, who is more at risk for falls? - Answer-elderly and infants
who is more at risk for ulcers? - Answer-bed bound, immobile
The Joint Commission National Patient Safety Goals 2016 Hospital: - Answer-identify
patients correctly - at least 2 identifiers; improve staff communication - get test results to
the right staff person on time; use medicines safely - label medications before a
procedure, use caution with blood thinners, record and pass along correct infor about
patient meds; use alarms safely - make improvements to ensure that alarams on
medical equipment are heard and responded to one time; prevent infection; identify
patient safety risks - find out which patients are most likely to commit suicide; prevent
mistakes in surgery - assure correct surgery is done on the correct patient and the
correct place on the patient's body
point of care exemplars of safety: - Answer-prevention of decubitus ulcers; medication
administration; fall prevention; communication; restraint use; seizure precautions;
hypothermia and hyperthermia
systems level exemplars of safety: - Answer-documentation/electronic records; error
reporting; work processes; care coordination; team systems
common care-management problems: - Answer-failure to monitor, observe, or act;
delay in diagnosis; incorrect assessment of risk; loss of info during transfer to other
healthcare staff (and off reports); failure to note faulty equipment; failure to carry our
preoperative checks; deviation from an agreed protocol without clinical justification;
failure to seek help when necessary; use of incorrect protocol; treatment given to wrong
body site
normal urine output - Answer-30 mL/hr
when do you treat for pain? - Answer-ranked 5 or more out of 10
risk factors for falls - Answer-poor vision; cognitive dysfunction; impaired gait or
balance; difficulty getting in and out of chair; orthostatic hypotension; urinary frequency
or diuretics; weakness from disease, injury, or therapy; medications; history of falls
what is the leading cause of injury in older adults? - Answer-falls
what is the most frequently reported adverse event in adult inpatient settings? - Answer-
falls
where do falls occur the most? - Answer-in the home
how to assess fall risk? - Answer-"Get Up and Go" Assessment Tool; Morse Fall
Assessment tool
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