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NUR 310 Exam 1 Questions with Correct Answers
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NUR 310 Exam 1 Questions with Correct Answers
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NUR 310 Exam 1 Questions with CorrectAnswers
Define the concept of critical thinking, clinical reasoning, and the nursing process. -
Answer-Critical Thinking: thought that is disciplined, comprehensive, based on
intellectual standards, and, as a result, well-reasoned; a systematic way to form and
shape one's thinking that functions purposefully and exactingly
Clinical Reasoning: a specific term usually referring to ways of thinking about patient
care issues (determining, preventing, and managing patient problems); for reasoning
about other clinical issues (e.g., teamwork, collaboration, and streamlining work flow);
nurses usually use critical thinking
Nursing Process: five-step systematic method for giving patient care; involves
assessing, diagnosing, planning, implementing, and evaluating
Discuss the attitudes and skills needed to develop critical thinking and clinical
reasoning. - Answer-Independence, fair mindedness, insight, intellectual humility,
intellectual courage, integrity perseverance, confidence, curiosity
Describe the phases of the nursing process and how they interrelate. - Answer-Assess,
Diagnose, Plan, Implement, Evaluate
Systematic, collaborative, client-centered & outcome oriented, individualized, cyclic &
dynamic, requires critical thinking, universally applicable
Purpose: Identifying client's health status and actual or potential health care problems or
needs, establish plans to meet needs, deliver specific interventions
Identify the purpose of each phase of the nursing process. - Answer-Assessment:
collect data; organize data; validate data; document data
Diagnose: analyze data; identify health problems, risks, & strengths; formulate
diagnostic statements
Plan: prioritize problems/diagnoses; formulate goals/desired outcomes; select nursing
interventions; write nursing interventions
Implement: reassess client; determine nurse's need for assistance; implement
interventions; supervise delegated care; document activities
Evaluate: collect data related to desired outcomes; comparing data with desired
outcomes; relate nursing activities to outcomes; Drawing conclusions about problem
status; Continuing, modifying, or terminating the nursing care plan
Identify the four major activities associated with the assessing phase. - Answer-
Communicate and collect, organize, validate, and document data
Differentiate objective and subjective data and primary and secondary data. - Answer-
Subjective: Apparent only to the person affected;
, Can be described only by person affected;
Includes sensations, feelings, values, beliefs, attitudes, and perception of personal
health status & life situations
Objective: Detectable by an observer;
Can be measured or tested against an accepted standard; Can be seen, heard, felt, or
smelled;
Obtained through observation or physical examination
Primary: Client
Secondary: Family, friends, health care team; Medical/diagnostic/laboratory reports &
records; Literature review, textbooks
Identify three methods of data collection, and give examples of how each is useful. -
Answer-observing, interviewing, examining
Differentiate various types of nursing diagnoses and how they differ from medical
diagnoses. - Answer-Nursing Diagnosis: A clinical judgment about the patient in
response to an actual or potential health problem; consists of a diagnostic label plus
etiology; independent nursing functions
Medical Diagnosis: The identification of a disease condition & pathology based on
specific evaluation of signs and symptoms; the physician directs the primary treatment;
dependent nursing functions
Collaborative Problem: An actual or potential physiological complication that nurses
monitor to detect the onset of changes & prevent potential complications; both
independent & dependent nursing functions
Recognize the defining characteristics of the diagnostic label. - Answer-Includes the
name of the Nursing Diagnosis as approved by NANDA-I.
It describes the essence of a patient's response to health conditions in as few words as
possible.
All NANDA-I approved diagnosis have a definition
(The definition describes the characteristics of the human response identified and helps
to select the correct diagnosis.)
Identify the basic steps in the diagnostic process. - Answer-- Interpreting & analyzing
data (comparing data with standards; clustering of cues)
- Determining client's strengths, risks and problems (resources and abilities to cope;
problems that support tentative, actual. possible dx)
- Formulating nursing dx/problem(s) (problem; etiology; joined by the words "related to")
- Documenting
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