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Phar 100: Final Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest Update
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Phar 100: Final Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest Update
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Phar 100: Final Exam Questions with100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest
Update
Drugsi-iCorrectiAnswer-
anyisubstanceireceivedibyiaibiologicalisystemithatiisinotireceivediforinut
ritiveipurposesiandiwhichiinfluencesitheibiologicalifunctioniofitheiorgani
sm
Pharmacologyi-iCorrectiAnswer-
theiscienceiofidrugs,iincludingitheiriuses,ieffects,iandimechanismsiofiacti
on
keyihistoricaliinfluencesishapedimodernipharmacologyi-
iCorrectiAnswer-1.idiscoveriesimadeibyiancienticivilizationsi
2.itheiroleiofipoisonsiinihistoryi
3.itheiinfluenceiofireligion
ancientigreecei-iCorrectiAnswer-
opium:iobtainedifromitheiopiumipoppy.i
-
Serturneri(Germanipharmacist)iisolatedicrystalsiofimorphineifromiopiu
mianditesteditheipureisubstanceionihimselfi
morphine:irelieveipainiofigreatiintensityi
,codeine:iwidelyiusediforipainirelief
AncientiEgypti-iCorrectiAnswer-
papyri:iintendediasitextbookiofidrugiuseiforimedicalistudents,icontainsi
manyitrueiobservationsionitheiuseiofidrugs,ispecificallyionipurgativesi(la
xatives)
senna:iindicatediinitextbookiasiaipurgativei(stilliuseditoday)
ancientichinai-iCorrectiAnswer-earliestirecordiofidrugiexperiments.i
SheniNungiclassifiediallidrugsiaccordingitoitaste
-
mediumidrug:iwidelyiusediinichineseimedicineiforicoughs,iinfluenza,ian
difeversi
ephedrine:iisolatedifromichinai(useditoitreatiasthmai&iasiaidecongestan
t)
curarei-iCorrectiAnswer-plant-
derivedidrug,iindigenousipeoplesiofitheiamazonidippediarrowsiiniandius
ediasipoisoniforihunting
-lowidose:imuscleirelaxation
-highidose:iparalysisileadingitoirespiratoryiparalysisiandideath
-
theistructureioficurareihasibeenimodifieditoimakeitheidrugisafer,iandith
eseineweriderivativesioficurareiareiuseditoday
,ergoti-iCorrectiAnswer-
ergotamine:iusefulitreatmentiofimigraines,iconstrictsibloodivessels,ired
ucingitheiamplitudeiofitheipulsationi
ergonovine:iuseditoihastenibirthibutidangerousiandinoilongeriusediasith
eiforceiofiuterineicontractionsimayibeitooistrong,ialsoiuseditoiarrestiuter
ineibleedingiafterichildbirth
theiinfluenceiofireligioni-iCorrectiAnswer-
iniancientisocieties,itraditionalihealersiactediasibothiphysiciansiandiprie
sts,itherapyiisiheavilyiinfluencedibyireligioni
peyote:iiniMexico,icactusiwasiwidelyiuseditoiachieveiaimysticalistate,ilin
keditoispiritualiandiritualisticiuse,icontainsimescalineicausingidistortioni
ofiperceptionisimilaritoiLSDicausedihallucinations,iaifeelingiofiwell-
being
drugsiactingionitheibraini-iCorrectiAnswer--
HofmanniaccidentallyicreatediLSDiwhileitryingitoiimproveiergot-
basedimeds
-LSDidiscoveryihighlightsibrainichemicaliimpact
-Suggestsimentaliillnessilinkitoipotentibrainisubstances
-Derivativesicoulditreatidepression,ianxiety,iaddiction
drugsiactingiagainstiinfectiousidiseasei-i1900si-iCorrectiAnswer--
aniinfectiousidiseaseiisianidiseaseicausedibyianiorganismi(ex:ibacteria,ivi
ruses,ifungi,ioriparasites)i
, organoarsenicals:iPaulienrichidesignicomplexesiofiarsenici&iorganicimol
eculesiwhichiselectivelyibounditoiparasitesiideaiwasiapplieditoiotheriinf
ectiousidiseasesiandileaditoiaicureiforisyphilisiinitheiearlyi20thicentury
drugsiactingiagainstiinfectiousidiseasei-i1930si-iCorrectiAnswer-
SulfaiDrugs:iGerhardiDomagkiintroduceditheidrugsiiniGermanyiwhichiw
ereifirstisuccessfulisynthethicidrugsiforitreatmentiofibacterialidisease,in
owdaysitermediantibacterialicompoundsi(theitermiantibioticionlyireferi
toichemicalisubstancesiproducedibyimicroorganisms,inotisyntheticicom
pounds)
drugsiactingiagainstiinfectiousidiseasei-i1940si-iCorrectiAnswer-
Penicillin:ialexanderiflemingidiscovereditheifirstiantibiotic,iitiwasiintrod
ucediintoimodernimedicineiduringiww2,iusediforitherapyiofigram-
positiveibacterialidiseasei(ex:idiphtheria,istaphylococcus)
drugsiactingiagainstiinfectiousidiseasei-i1950si-iCorrectiAnswer-
streptomycin:iSeimaniWaksmanidiscoveredinewiantibiotici(streptomyci
n)iwhichiwasiusediforitreatingituberculosisiandigram-
negativeibacterialidiseasei(ex:icholera,iE.Coli)
drugidevelopmentaliprocessi-i5ikeyistepsi-iCorrectiAnswer-
1.ibasisiresearchi&idrugidiscoveryi
2.ipreclinicalitrialsi
3.iclinicalitrialsi(phasei1-3)i
4.ihealthicanadaireviewi&imanufacturingi
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