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PHAR 100 Final Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest Update
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PHAR 100 Final Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest Update
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PHAR 100 Final Exam Questions with100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest
Update
Drugsi-iCorrectiAnswer-
Anyisubstanceireceivedibyia.biologicalisystemithatiisinotireceivediforinu
tritiveipurposesiandiwhichiinfluencesitheibiologicalifunctioniofitheiorga
nism.iMeansithatichemicals,ibiologicaliagentsiandiherbaliproductsiareial
lidrugs.
Wheniwereitheimajorityioficlinicallyiusefulidrugsideveloped?i-
iCorrectiAnswer-Overitheipasti250iyears.
Pharmaologyi-iCorrectiAnswer-
Theiscienceiofidrugs,iincludingitheiriuses,ieffectsiandimechanismsiofiacti
on.
Keyihistoricaliinfluencesithatihaveishapedimodernipharmacologyi-
iCorrectiAnswer-Theimanyidiscoveriesimadeibyiancienticivilizations
Theiroleiofipoisonsiinihistory.
Theiinfluenceiofireligion.
,AncientiCivilizationsi-iCorrectiAnswer-
HealersiexistediiniainumberiofiancienticulturesiincludingiAncientiGreece
,iAncientiEgyptiandiAncientiChina.
AncientiGreece:iThreophastusi-iCorrectiAnswer-
Threophrastus,iaipupiliofiAristotleiwroteiaitextbookionitherapeuticsitha
tiincludediopium.
Opiumiisiobtainedifromitheiopiumipoppy.
AncientiGreece:iSerturneri-iCorrectiAnswer-
AipharmacistiworkingiiniGermanyiini1803.iIsolatedicrystalsiofimorphinei
iniopiumianditesteditheipureisubstance.iDiscoverediiticouldirelieveipain.
Whatidoesiopiumicontaini-iCorrectiAnswer-Morphine,icodeine
Morphinei-iCorrectiAnswer-
Opiumicontainsiapproximatelyi10%imorphine.iCoinedifromiMorpheus.
Codeinei-iCorrectiAnswer-Containsi0.5%icodeine.
AncientiEgypti-iCorrectiAnswer-recordedionidocumentsicalledipapyri.
q
,Ebersipapyrusi-iCorrectiAnswer-
1550iBCE:iIntendeditoibeiaitextbookiofidrugiuseiforimedicalistudents.
Theipapyrusicontainedimainyitrueiobservationsionitheiuseiofidrugs,iesp
eciallyipurgatives.
Senna-istilliuseditoday
AncientiChinai-iCorrectiAnswer-
EarliestirecordedidrugiexperimentsicomeifromiChinaiinitheiyeari2700iBC
E.iSheniNungiuseditoiclassifyidrugsiaccordingitoitaste.
MaiHuangiwasiclassifiediasiaimediumidrug.iWidelyiusediforicoughs,iinflu
enzaiandifevers.
EphedrineihasibeeniisolatedifromiMaiHuang.iUseditoitreatiasthma.iCani
beiusediasiaidecongestant.
Poisons:iCurarei-iCorrectiAnswer-Plant-
derivedidrug.iHistoricallyiusedibyiindigenousipeopleiiniregionsiofitheiAm
azon.
, Curare:iUseiofiaipoisoni-iCorrectiAnswer-
IndigenousipeoplesiofitheiAmazonidippeditheiriarrowsiinicurareiforihunt
ing.iActediuponivoluntaryimusclesicausingiparalysis.
Curare:iUseiasiaidrugi-iCorrectiAnswer-
UsedibyiIndigenousiPeopleiinspirediallopathicimedicine.iEventuallyiuse
dibyianestheticsiduringisurgery.iSmallidosesicouldirelieveimuscles.iTheis
tructureihasisinceibeenimodifieditoimakeiitisafer.
Ergoti-iCorrectiAnswer-
Aipoisonousifungusithatigrowsionitheiheadsiofirye.
Grounditogetheriwithiryeiinitheimiddleiages,ifindingiitsiwayiintoibread.iC
ausediterribleiepidemics,ikillingiasimanyiasi20i000ipeopleiiniRussia.
Ergot:iEffectsiofiPoisoning;iNervousiSystemi-iCorrectiAnswer-
Onceiitientersitheibody,iergotitargetsitheinervousisystem.iResultsiinisym
ptomsisuchiasimentalifrenzy,ihallucinationsiandiconvulsions.
Ergot:iEffectsiofiPoisoning;iCariovasculariSystemi-iCorrectiAnswer-
Ergotipoisoningicanicauseiconstrictionsiofibloodivesselsileadingitoifinger
s,itoesiandilimbsibecomingistarvediofitheiribloodisupply.
Ergot:iEffectsiofiPoisoning;iReproductiveiSystemi-iCorrectiAnswer-
Canicauseiviolenticontractionsiofitheiuterus.
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