NSCI 175 UNC Exam 2 Questions & Answers 2024/2025
dorsal - ANSWERSdirection pointing up
ventral - ANSWERSdirection pointing down
rostral - ANSWERSanterior, toward the nose
caudal - ANSWERSposterior, towards the back of the body, tail
midsagittal - ANSWERSthe plane dividing the brai...
caudal - ANSWERSposterior, towards the back of the body, tail
midsagittal - ANSWERSthe plane dividing the brain into equal right and left halves
horizontal - ANSWERSsplits into dorsal and ventral halves
coronal - ANSWERSsplits into rostral and caudal halves
ipsilateral - ANSWERSon the same side of the body as another structure
contralateral - ANSWERSon the opposite side of the body as another structure
proximal - ANSWERSnearer to the trunk of the body
distal - ANSWERSfarther from the trunk of the body
CNS (central nervous system) - ANSWERSconsists of the brain and spinal cord
,PNS (peripheral nervous system) - ANSWERSthe sensory and motor neurons that connect the CNS to the
rest of the body, cranial and spinal nerves
somatic nervous system - ANSWERSvoluntary control, the division of the peripheral nervous system that
controls the body's skeletal muscles
visceral nervous system - ANSWERSinvoluntary, the portion of the peripheral nervous system composed
of a motor division (autonomic nervous system) and sensory division
sympathetic nervous system - ANSWERSthe division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the
body, mobilizing its energy in stressful situations, "fight or flight"
parasympathetic nervous system - ANSWERSthe division of the autonomic nervous system that calms
the body, conserving its energy, "rest and digest"
cerebrum - ANSWERSlargest part of the brain, contralateral control, involved with motor, touch, and
vision
corpus callosum - ANSWERSthe large band of neural fibers connecting the two brain hemispheres and
carrying messages between them
spinal cord - ANSWERSnervous tissue within the spinal cavity, brings information to and from the body to
the brain
brainstem - ANSWERSrelays information from cerebrum and cerebellum to the spinal cord, regulates
vitals
medulla oblongata - ANSWERSconnects brainstem to spinal cord and contains control centers for the
heart and lungs, ANS, sensory and motor info travel through
pons - ANSWERSA brain structure that relays information from the cerebellum to the rest of the brain,
head and facial sensation, motor control of facial structures, ANS
, Midbrain - ANSWERSA small part of the brain above the pons that integrates sensory information and
relays it upward
superior colliculus - ANSWERSreceives visual sensory input and is involved in visual processes
inferior colliculus - ANSWERSa midbrain nucleus in the auditory pathway
substantia nigra - ANSWERSmidbrain structure where dopamine is produced; involved in control of
movement
ventricles - ANSWERSareas of the brain that produce transport the CSF that bathes the CNS
dorsal roots - ANSWERSaxons that bring information to the spinal cord, ie sensory neurons
ventral roots - ANSWERSaxons that carry information away from the spinal cord, ie motor neurons
efferent axons - ANSWERSsends information away from the CNS
afferent axons - ANSWERSbrings information into a the CNS
cranial nerves - ANSWERS12 pairs of nerves arising from the brain that carry sensory and motor
information
CT (computed tomography) - ANSWERSmeasure of x-ray absorption to map tissue density, gross
organization of gray and white matter, and position of ventricles
MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) - ANSWERSa technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to
see hydrogen atoms to produce computer-generated images of soft tissues, such as the brain
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