NSCI 320 Exam 1 Questions & Answers 2024/2025
Galen - ANSWERS- Roman physician from 150-190 CE
- demonstrated how brain/nerves were linked to behavior
- found out how vocal cords worked in an experiment with a pig by accident
- observed how damage to spinal cord resulted in paralysis below ...
- removed parts of animal's brains (lesions) to observe how different areas relate to behavior
- removal of a specific region caused various behavioral problems (unable to coordinate their muscles,
control their breathing, perform certain cognitive functions)
- learned that the mind is in the brain and not the heart
- how the brain keeps us alive
cerebellum - ANSWERS- "little brain" at the rear of the brainstem
- process sensory input
- controls fine motor movements and balance
,- affects expected feeling versus unexpected feeling
- damage = lost coordination, slurred speech, difficult eye movements
- metencephalon
neurons - ANSWERS- nerve cells
- input/output operators in brain
- basic building block of nervous system
- negatively charged
glia - ANSWERS- cells that support, nurture, and insulate neurons by fostering communication, keeping
neurons healthy, cleaning up messes
- remove debris when neurons die
- enhance the formation and maintenance of neural connections
- modify neuronal functioning
dendrites - ANSWERS- branchlike parts of a neuron that receive information and conduct impulses
toward the cell body
cell body or soma - ANSWERS- the part of a neuron that coordinates information-processing tasks and
keeps the cell alive
- passes electrochemical signals to other neurons or to muscles or to glands
white matter - ANSWERS- contains myelinated axons
, - whitish nervous tissue
myelin sheath - ANSWERS- created by glia cells, fatty coating
- insulates the axon of some neurons
- increases the speed of neural impulses
axon terminals - ANSWERS- branches at end of axon
- contains synaptic vesicles
- connects and communicates with dendrites of other cells
synaptic cleft - ANSWERS- gap between axon terminal (presynaptic neuron) and dendrites (postsynaptic
neuron)
- where neurotransmitters are released
neurotransmitters - ANSWERS- chemical messengers that cross the synaptic cleft between neurons
- change the voltage of postsynaptic neuron, making it more or less likely to fire its own action potential
action potential - ANSWERS- a brief neural impulse or electrochemical signal that travels down the axon
- caused by increase in voltage by neurotransmitters
- all or none response
- RMP is -70 mV, then an EPSP, the neuron is stimulate, reaches threshold at -65mV and potassium
begins to leave (depolarization) sodium enters , at +35 mV sodium channels close and potassium
continues to leave, sodium potassium pump rests the balance ( after it hits hyperpolarization at -90 mV)
gyri, gyrus - ANSWERS- mountain of folds of tissue in cortex, covering the surface of the cerebrum
sulci, sulcus - ANSWERS- valleys of folds of tissue in cortex
- shallow grooves separating the folds of tissue on the surface of the cerebrum
reptile brain (in humans) - ANSWERS- deep brain
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Bensuda. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
