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PHAR 100 - Module 1 Exam Questions and Answers 100% Solved

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  • PHAR 100

PHAR 100 - Module 1 Exam Questions and Answers 100% Solved drugs - any substance received by a biological system that is not for nutritional purposes pharmacology - science of drugs including their uses, effects, and modes of action Influence of poison: Curare - Used as poison: indigenous peo...

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  • November 1, 2024
  • 21
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • PHAR 100
  • PHAR 100
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©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
PHAR 100 - Module 1 Exam Questions

and Answers 100% Solved


drugs - ✔✔any substance received by a biological system that is not for

nutritional purposes

pharmacology - ✔✔science of drugs including their uses, effects, and

modes of action

Influence of poison: Curare - ✔✔Used as poison: indigenous people of the

amazon used to dip their bows in it because it caused paralysis and death

Used as a drug: used by anesthesiologists to relax a muscle during surgery

influence of poison: ergot - ✔✔Poison: poison fungus that grows in bread

and killed a bunch of people in the medieval times

drug: used to prevent migraines because it constricts blood flow

Drugs acting on the brain: Reserpine and Chlorpromazine - ✔✔discovery:

the extracts of a rauwolfia plant were used by Indian medicine to reduce

anxiety and blood pressure

,©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
therapeutic uses: chlorpromazine is preferred to be used for mental

patients that reserpine because its easier to dose it correctly. Converts

anxious tense people into calm people

Drugs acting on the brain: Lysergic and diethylamide (LSD) - ✔✔discovery:

a Swiss pharmaceutical was trying to make products from ergot

contribution to pharmacology: the discovery of the psychedelic effects of

LSD supported the idea that some mental illnesses might be due to

chemicals in the brain

Drugs acting on the brain: Anesthetics - ✔✔Nitrous Oxide (laughing gas): a

chemist was giving demonstrations in the 1840s, and this one man was on

the gas and gashed his leg but felt no pain. a dentist in the crowd started

using it for patients

Ether: similar properties to laughing gas

1. drug discovery - ✔✔- identify a target (receptor)

- once a compound is found that binds well to a receptor, its effects on the

molecular, cellular, and animal level are tested

- if it shows promise, it'll go on to the pre-clinical trial

2. Pre-clinical studies - ✔✔- IS IT SAFE AND EFFECTIVE?

- this testing happens before any testing on humans

, ©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
-Toxicology studies and Pharmacological studies

Toxicology studies - ✔✔- a pre-clinical study

- determines if the drug has any adverse effects on other organs

- all drugs are toxic at some level

-expensive and can take up to 6 years

Pharmacological studies - ✔✔- a pre-clinical study

- determines the detailed mechanisms of the new drug

3. Clinical trial: Initial Steps - ✔✔to test on humans, the following is

requires:

- show proof that it was safe from testing on animals

- methodology of the proposed clinical trial is required

- your drug needs to be evaluated by other scientists

4. Phase 1 Clinical Trial - ✔✔-conducted on healthy people

- carefully evaluates the effect of the drug

- tests dosages and tolerability

-doesn't assess the efficacy

5. Phase 2 Clinical Trial - ✔✔- conducted on the people with the disease

the drug aims to fix

- tests if the drug is effective on treating that disease

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