NURB 3050 - Concepts of Health &
Disease, Cellular Adaptation,
Inflammatory, Genetics, Immunity, &
Infection Exam Questions with Correct
Answers
This organization was formed in 1948 & defines health as a state of complete physical,
mental, & social well-being & not merely the absence of disease & infirmity - Answer-
World Health Organization (WHO)
Organization formed in 1977 that says "all citizens of the world reach a level of health by
the year 2000 that allows them to live a socially & economically productive life." -
Answer-World Health Assembly
Health is an interaction between an individual's biology & behavior, physical & social
environments, government policies & interventions, & access to quality health care -
Answer-Healthy People 2010
determining the likelihood or how well the test of observation identifies people with or
without a disease - Answer-sensitivity & specificity
describes the effects an illness has on a person's life - Answer-morbidity
the extent to which a measurement tool measure what it is intended to measure -
Answer-validity
focus on the gross or microscopic changes of the bacteria or virus - Answer-
morphologic changes
describes the evolution of the disease process in detail - Answer-clinical course
the extent to which an observation or test result is able to predict the presence of a
given disease or condition - Answer-predictive value
The mechanism of high blood pressure is an example of ___________.
A. physiology
B. pathology
C. pathophysiology - Answer-C. pathophysiology
,How the disease progresses from the beginning - Answer-pathogenesis
not clinically apparent- no apparent symptoms; usually have to be diagnosed by a blood
test - Answer-subclinical disease
Potential unwanted outcomes of primary condition ~ex. limb paralysis after traumatic
injury - Answer-sequelae
designation as to the nature or cause of a health problem - Answer-diagnosis
the extent to which an observation, when repeated, gives the same result - Answer-
reliability
can be either an existing case or the number of new episodes or the number of new
episodes of a particular illness - Answer-disease case
TRUE OR FALSE
epidemiologists use a number of different factors to describe the steps of a disease -
Answer-false
use the simultaneous collection of information to classify exposure & outcome status -
Answer-cross-sectional studies
Which of the following are causes of disease?
A. biologic agents
B. physical forces
C. chemical agents
D. nutritional excesses or deficits
E. all of the above - Answer-E. all of the above
involve groups born approximately at the same time or who share some characteristics
of interest - Answer-cohort studies
compare case subjects to control subjects - Answer-case-control studies
the conscientious, explicit, & judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions
about the care of individual patients - Answer-evidence-based practice
preventing further deterioration or reducing complication of disease
(ex. antibiotic use) - Answer-tertiary prevention
detecting disease when still curable
(ex. pap smear) - Answer-secondary prevention
, removing risk factors, so disease does not occur
(ex. immunizations) - Answer-primary prevention
pertains to the causes of death in a given population - Answer-mortality
a measure of existing disease in a population at a given point in time - Answer-
prevalence
the number of new cases arising in a population at risk during a specified time - Answer-
incidence
identifies people without the disease; identifies true negatives - Answer-specificity
identifies people with the disease; identifies true positives - Answer-sensitivity
Which of the following best describes the term etiology?
A. the study of disease progression
B. the study of disease cause
C. the study of disease populations
D. the study of disease resolution - Answer-B. the study of disease cause
The probability of recovery
best guess~based on statistics - Answer-prognosis
period of recovery time~ returning to normal state of health ~ resuming HOMEOSTASIS
- Answer-convalescence
signs & symptoms are present; very obvious - Answer-clinical disease
not as severe as acute & not as long as chronic - Answer-subacute
continuous; months-years; usually after 6 months disease/infection is labeled this -
Answer-chronic
name given to a particular condition - Answer-diagnosis
subjective information that the patient describes to you
(Ex: Nausea & vomiting) - Answer-symptoms
objective information that can be measured
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