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LABCE URINALYSIS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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LABCE URINALYSIS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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LABCE URINALYSIS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERSUrine reagent strips are available for detection of... - Answers- glucose, bilirubin,
ketones, blood, protein, urobilinogen, nitrite, and leukocytes
Reagent strip procedure - Answers- 1. Use a fresh, well mixed urine. Immerse dip stick
and remove immediately (prolonged immersion may wash out the test reagents)
2. Hold strip in horizontal position and run edge against the rim of container or touch
long edge to absorbent towel *do not blot
3. Place strip immediately onto the tray of dipstick reader -- MANUAL -- leave
horizontally on towel to prevent mixing of reagent chemicals. Observe reagent pads at
specified time periods as indicated on the chemical strip container. Color changes that
occur after stated max time read are not valid.
3a. Hold strip close to chart and compare colors to read results with a good light source
3b. Record results
4. Replace the cap on the strip container to prevent deterioration of remaining strips.
When should normal and abnormal controls be tested on urine strips? - Answers-
whenever a new lot of strips is opened, and at the times defined by the lab procedure
What should be done if quality control results do not correspond to the published control
values? - Answers- the problem must be resolved before patient samples are tested
When do you use an alternative method of testing with a urine dipstick result? -
Answers- when intensely colored urine may make it difficult to correctly interpret color
reactions on the dipstick
Why is freshly voided urine ideal for ph analysis of urine? - Answers- urine contains
large amounts of urea that bacteria metabolize producing ammonia that causes the
urine ph to become more alkaline. If there is a delay in testing the sample should be
refrigerated.
What does the ph pad on the reagent strip contain? - Answers- methyl red and
bromothymol blue indicator dyes
What is the sensitivity ph range on the reagent strip? - Answers- 5.0 (acid ph with a
red-orange color) to
9.0 (alkaline ph with a blue-green color)
What is physiological urine ph range? - Answers- 5.0-8.0
Urine ph results are evaluated in conjunction with a patient's medical condition and
clinical condition which include - Answers- respiratory and metabolic status
Renal function
Crystal or calculi formation
Diet
, Dietary and medical conditions that result in an ALKALINE ph urine. - Answers- -
Vegetarian diet
-Respiratory/metabolic alkalosis
-Bacterial infection caused by urease-producing bacteria
-Prolonged storage of specimen at room temperature, allowing multiplication of urease-
producing bacteria
-Kidney failure
-Urinary tract infections
-Vomiting
Dietary and medical conditions that result in an ACIDIC ph urine. - Answers- -High meat
diet
-Respiratory/metabolic acidosis
-Hypochloridemia
-High concentration of urine glucose
-Improper procedural technique; excess urine left on reagent strip, allowing acid buffer
in protein pad to run over into adjacent ph pad
-Diabetic ketoacidosis
-Diarrhea
-Starvation
What increments and readings is specific gravity (SG) measured in? - Answers- 0.005
with readings from 1.000 to 1.030
What is the test principle of specific gravity? - Answers- The test principle is based on a
change in pka (the negative log of the acid disassociation) of certain pretreated
electrolytes in relation to ionic concentration of the urine.
-These electrolytes in the specific gravity area contain acid groups that dissociate
according the the ionic concentration of the SPECIMEN.
*The more ions in the specimen, the more acid groups will dissociate, releasing
hydrogen ions and causing a more acid ph.
What does the ph indicator demonstrate in the specific gravity reagent area? -
Answers- The ph change = the higher the specific gravity of the urine, the more acidic
the reagent area will become.
What is the range color of specific gravity? - Answers- SG 1.001 =deep blue-green in
urine of low ionic concentration (lots of water)-->green-->yellow green (SG 1.035) in
urine of increasing ionic concentration = higher specific gravity (many solutes, little
water).
What is the recommended method for determining SG if a urine specimen contains x-
ray contrast media or plasma expanders? - Answers- reagent strip method
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