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NYU PATHO EXAM I PREP QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
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NYU PATHO EXAM I PREP QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
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NYU PATHO EXAM I PREP QUESTIONS & ANSWERSWhich of the following is an example of a clinical manifestation known as sign?
a. Nausea
b. Loss of appetite
c. Bruise
d. Headache - Answers- Bruise
A sign is something that is observable to the nurse. A bruise can be seen by the nurse
on a patient and is thus a sign.
An obese adult with type II diabetes is given prescription for a low-calorie diet and
exercise. This is an example of:
a. Primary Prevention
b. Secondary Prevention
c. Tertiary Prevention
d. Disease Prevention - Answers- Tertiary Prevention
- Already has the condition
- Intervention is to treat it to prevent further complications
T/F Individuals experiencing the same disease process exhibit the same clinical
manifestations. - Answers- False
Many things contribute to clinical manifestations:
- age, gender, race, healthcare, etc.
Which of the following would be a non-modifiable risk factor for heart disease?
a. smoking
b. obesity
c. family history
d. elevated blood pressure - Answers- Family history
Non- modifiable risk factor can't be changed. Family history is non-modifiable as our
genetics are what they are.
T/F A change in a physiologic variable is more important than the absolute values. -
Answers- True
One value itself doesn't provide much useful information. It is important to understand
an individuals baseline and then look at results related to the baseline.
T/F Prevalence is the number of new cases of a disease in a given population at a given
time. - Answers- False
Prevalence is the number of old cases + new cases.
,Incidence is the number of only new cases
T/F Breast cancer screening programs are an example of primary level of prevention. -
Answers- False
Secondary level of prevention = screening and test
T/F Apoptotic cell death can be characterized as "cell suicide" - Answers- True
trigger cell to kill itself
Glucose must enter the body cell in order to provide energy for the client who was
recently diagnosed with diabetes. The nurse knows that which of the following
processes allows glucose to enter body cells?
a. osmosis
b. active transport
c. diffusion
d. Facilitated diffusion - Answers- Facilitated Diffusion
- uses a carrier protein aka insulin to enter the body cell.
The nurse is examining the results of the bronchoscopy of a chronic smoker. The report
showed stratified squamous cells as opposed to columnar ciliated cells. The nurse
understands this is which type of cellular adaptation?
a. hyperplasia
b. dysplasia
c. anaplasia
d. metaplasia - Answers- Metaplasia
If a cell changes from one differentiated cell type to another, that is termed metaplasia.
hyperplasia - an increase in # of the same type of cells
Dysplasia - loss of form and cells become irregular
Anaplasia - the cells become totally undifferentiated and cancerous.
Which of the following cellular accumulations is indicative of injury due to faulty
metabolism?
a. Hydropic swelling
b. Lactate production
c. Metaplasia
d. Intracellular accumulations - Answers- Intracellular accumulation
, Can occur due to build up of normal body substance, a build up of exogenous
substances, or build up of abnormal endogenous products due to faulty metabolism.
A knowledgeable nurse knows that a hermangioma is:
a. malignant tumor of skin cells
b. benign tumor of skin cells
c. malignant tumor of blood vessels
d. benign tumor of blood vessels - Answers- Benign tumor of blood vessels
"-oma" refers to benign. The prefix "hermangi-" refers to blood vessels.
"-carinoma" is a malignant tumor of the skin cells ie. melanoma.
Mutations of which genes are necessary for tumors to form and cancer to develop?
Select all that apply.
a. Oncogenes
b. It serves as its digestive system
c. It manufactures mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA
d. It is where protein is synthesized - Answers- b,c,d
Mutation of mutator gene allows for INC mutations to occur when cells are dividing.
How can a diagnosis of malignancy be confirmed?
a. biopsy
b. radiography
c. careful palpation
d. CT scan - Answers- Biopsy
Cancer can only be confirmed by examining tissue cells that are thought to be
cancerous. This is done through biopsy.
Remission of cancer is generally defined as a period in which:
a. chemo can't be used
b. signs and symptoms are absent
c. complications are evident
d. metastases occur - Answers- Signs and symptoms are absent
Remission is when individuals no longer has any detectable signs/symptoms of cancer.
The nurse explains that a debulking procedure for stomach cancer is:
a. control of the tumor growth in malignant tissue
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