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APEA- Orthopedics PHARM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS |ALREADY GRADED A+
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APEA- Orthopedics PHARM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS |ALREADY GRADED A+
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APEA- Orthopedics PHARM1. A commonly reported side effect of tizanidine (Zanaflex), a skeletal muscle relaxant, is:
2. hypertension.
3. tachycardia.
4. incontinence.
5. somnolence. - ANS-somnolence
6.
7. other side effects include hypotension, dizziness, xerostomia, & weakness
8. A patient with severe osteoarthritis is complaining of a pain exacerbation due to weather
change. Ketorolac should be avoided in this patient due to a drug-drug interaction with:
9. diclofenac (Zorvolex).
10. lisinopril (Zestril).
11. omega-3 fatty acids.
12. spironolactone (Aldactone). - ANS-diclofenac (Zorvolex)
13.
14. The concomitant use of ketorolac (Toradol) and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs (NSAIDs), such as diclofenac (Zorvolex), is absolutely contraindicated due to
enhancement of the adverse/toxic effect of NSAIDs
15. A potential side effect related to the use of ketorolac (Toradol) is:
16. increased urinary output.
17. increased range of motion.
18. edema of the lower extremities.
19. weight loss. - ANS-edema of the lower extremities
20.
21. weight gain, decreased urinary output, bleeding, bruising, dyspepsia, & disorientation
are other potential side effects
22. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) does NOT produce:
23. analgesia.
24. antipyresis effects.
25. potentiated opioid analgesia.
26. anti-inflammatory activity. - ANS-anti-inflammatory activity
27. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) for the treatment of osteoarthritic pain is classified as a(n):
28. salicylate.
29. nonopioid analgesic.
30. non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.
31. anti-inflammatory agent. - ANS-nonopioid analgesic
32. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is contraindicated in patients who have:
33. hepatitis.
34. low body mass index.
35. migraine headaches.
, 36. varicella. - ANS-hepatitis
37. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) works to reduce pain by:
38. -decreasing prostaglandin synthesis by irreversibly inhibiting cyclooxygenase-1
enzymes.
39. -increasing the synthesis of cylooxygenase-1 enzymes to increase resistance to
prostaglandins.
40. -inhibiting the synthesis of prostaglandins in the central nervous system and working
peripherally to block pain impulse generation.
41. -decreasing synthesis of prostaglandins by reversibly inhibiting cyclooxygenase-1 and 2
(COX-1 and 2) enzymes. - ANS-inhibiting the synthesis of prostaglandins in the central
nervous system and working peripherally to block pain impulse generation.
42. Allopurinol (Zyloprim) is NOT indicated for the treatment of:
43. asymptomatic hyperuricemia.
44. cancer therapy-induced hyperuricemia.
45. prophylactic gout.
46. recurrent calcium oxalate calculi. - ANS-asymptomatic hyperuricemia.
47. Allopurinol (Zyloprim), used in the treatment of gout, decreases serum uric acid by:
48. activating xanthine oxidase to stop the production of uric acid.
49. binding to uric acid to speed up elimination.
50. inhibiting xanthine oxidase, the enzyme responsible for production of uric acid.
51. inhibiting oxypurinol production, which converts to uric acid. - ANS-inhibiting xanthine
oxidase, the enzyme responsible for production of uric acid.
52. Baclofen (Lioresal), a centrally-acting muscle relaxant, is indicated for the treatment of
symptoms related to:
53. rheumatic disorders.
54. Huntington's chorea.
55. multiple sclerosis.
56. Parkinson disease. - ANS-multiple sclerosis
57.
58. treatment of spasticity that may be related to MS, TBI, SCI, & encephalitis
59. Baclofen (Lioresal), a centrally-acting muscle relaxant, is indicated for the treatment of:
60. restless leg syndrome.
61. intermittent claudication.
62. spasticity.
63. essential tremor. - ANS-spasticity
64.
65. Baclofen (Lioresal) is indicated for the treatment of spasticity that may be related to
multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury, encephalitis, and spinal cord injury. Trigeminal
neuralgia, nystagmus, hiccups, alcohol abstinence and gastroesophageal reflux are
off-label uses.
66. Before prescribing Dantrolene (Dantrium), a peripherally-acting muscle relaxant, obtain a
baseline serum:
67. blood urea nitrogen (BUN).
68. complete blood count (CBC).
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