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ENSC FINAL EXAM WITH ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
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ENSC FINAL EXAM 2024-2025WITH ACTUAL QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
What is the chemical composi.on of water?
H2O-- two atoms of hydrogen bonded to single atom of oxygen-- one molecule
What type of bond holds together the atoms in a water molecule?
Covalent bond
Which bond holds together mul.ple water molecules?
Hydrogen bond
Which of the two bonds is stronger? Covalent or hydrogen
why?
Covalent bond; Have to s.ck together whereas hydrogen bond is more
temporary associa.on -can break apart
Hydrogen bond
Solid, liquid, gas
which property
State of water
Proper.es of water include
Hydrogen bond, state of water, high heat capacity, universal solvent,
adhesion/cohesion/surface tension
Means any liquid can dissolve solids
,Universal solvent
How is a hydrogen bond formed
A hydrogen bond is formed between 2 polar molecules. The hydrogen atom
from one polar molecule is aLracted to an electronega.ve atom of another
polar molecule.
Is the hydrogen bond between atoms or molecules?
Molecules
How many hydrogen bonds can a single water molecule form?
4
Examples of the three states of water
Solid -ice; liquid- water; gas- water vapor
Which state of water is most dense
Liquid
Par.cles in different states of water
The amount of heat one gram of a substance must absorb or lose to change
temperature by 1 degrees celsius
High heat capacity
Amount of energy needed to change temp of one gram of water?
Calorie
Why does water have high heat capacity?
Hydrogen bonds
T or f
All the special proper.es of water are due to hydrogen bonds
,T
How does having a high heat capacity benefit living organisms?
Helps maintain a constant internal temperature (homeostasis)
Water has a high heat of _______________
Vaporiza.on
Amount of energy a substance needs to absorb in order to change into a vapor
Heat of vaporiza.on
For the planet as a whole, what is the significance of a high heat of vaporiza.on
for water?
As temp increases the amount of substance an organism needs goes down
Water has a high heat of vaporiza.on compared to other liquids-- needs to
absorb a lot of energy before turning from liquid to vapor
How else does heat of vaporiza.on benefit living organisms like us?
Cools us down
What kinds of substances can dissolve in water and why?
A lot-- thats why its called universal
Ionic substances
Polar molecules(dissolves)
How does this property of water benefit living organisms?
Removes wastes
Most nutrients will dissolve in water(blood) -- as it flows through the body it
supplies nutrients to the cells
Transport nutrients and remove waste products
Water molecule aLached to another through hydrogen bonds
In this case it is not aLached to another water molecule but other things
Cohesion
What other property of water is the result of cohesion
, Surface tension
What causes all these characteris.cs in water?
Hydrogen bonds
How does cohesoin/adhesion property of water benefit humans?
Muscle movement helping blood move along that is mostly made up of water
which helps it all stay together
How does cohesoin/adhesion property of water benefit other living organisms?
Plants(trees)-- s.ck to vessel and allow everything to flow while going against
gravity
Hydrogen bonding - what is it and why is it important?
Equal sharing of electrons -- results in polar molecule (has posi.ve and
nega.ve pull)
When it is not equal that is what causes hydrogen bond
Three physical states - which ones are they and how do their densi.es
compare?
Most dense- liquid
Least dense- gas
Solid
Universal solvent - which property of water makes this possible and what is the
significance of this to living organisms?
Nutrients get dissolved in blood and transported around the body
Cohesion, adhesion, and surface tension - what does each one refer to and
what are some benefits of this to living organisms?
Cohesion- equal things aLaching to one another
Adhesion- water molecules aLaching to other surfaces
Global distribu.on of water
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