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MS2 NURS 2207 EXAM 4 – Questions & Answers (Expert Verified)
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MS2 NURS 2207 EXAM 4 – Questions & Answers (Expert Verified)
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MS2 NURS 2207 EXAM 4 – Questions & Answers(Expert Verified)
Nurses Role with Oncology: Right Ans - - Prior to diagnosis: health
promotion and prevention (screenings, education)
- After diagnosis: education about treatment, drugs, side effects, expected
effects, complications that could lead to emergency
Cancer: Right Ans - uncontrolled and unregulated growth of cells. Can
caused by modifiable risks.
Solid Cancer: Right Ans - which is a mass like a tumor
Blood Cancer: Right Ans - uncontrolled production of abnormal blood cells.
These normal cells mutate into abnormal/deviant cells that multiply and
spread.
Low Education/ Socioeconomic Factors: Right Ans - high risk for cancer
and less likely to find out early with diagnosis
Hispanics: Right Ans - increased risk for infection type cancer
White Americans: Right Ans - increased risk for being diagnosed with
cancer
African Americans: Right Ans - higher risk for death with cancer
What to remember about cancer: Right Ans - lots of people are affected,
decisions are affected as well. We still want to advocate for family members
though
Nursing Care for Patient: Right Ans - - We must know their goals
- If they think they can get a cure for stage 4 cancer we may need to help them
alter their decision
- Help them not be in denial
- Support them
- Realistic goals
,Cure: Right Ans - can be common after a person finishes treatment with
cancer
Control: Right Ans - using all options to help treat cancer
Common Male Cancers: Right Ans - - Prostate
- Lung/Breast
- Colon/Rectal
Common Female Cancers: Right Ans - - Breast
- Lung
- Colon/Rectal
Normal Cell Cycle: Right Ans - - Stem cells divide and produce a mature cell
of whatever type it replicated
Interphase: Right Ans - period of the cell cycle between cell divisions in
which the cell grows and replicate DNA (most the time they are not replicating
all the time)
M Phase: Right Ans - mitosis and cytokinesis (where they actually divide to
make the cells)
Check points along the cell cycle: Right Ans - Ensure cells are doing the
following:
1. Growing
2. Replicating DNA
3. Proper cell function
What are the 3 parts of Interphase: Right Ans - 1. G1 (Gap1)
2. S (Synthesis)
3. G2 (Gap2)
G1 (Gap1): Right Ans - the cell individually itself grows
Check point in G1 (Gap1): Right Ans - - Ensures the cell is growing
- Does the cell have to resources it needs?
,S (Synthesis): Right Ans - replicates DNA (synthesis means to make
something!)
G2 (Gap2): Right Ans - the cell grows some more in preparation for mitosis
Checkpoint in G2 (Gap2): Right Ans - - Is DNA its DNA damaged?
- Does the cell have to resources it needs?
Last checkpoint in M phase: Right Ans - checks in the stage metaphase to
make sure that DNA are lined up in the middle correctly
(PMAT - Mitosis)
Can't pass a check point and ca Right Ans -
Contact Inhibition: Right Ans - a process that stops additional cell growth
when cells become crowded they can start to invade other places. We lose this
in cancer.
Slow dividing cells: Right Ans - cardiac
Proliferation: Right Ans - an increase in number, multiplication
Fast dividing cells: Right Ans - Gi tract lining, Bone marrow and hair
follicles
(Since these divide so fast this is the reason why we see some of these s/s
with cancer)
Types of Tumors: Right Ans - Benign Vs. Malignant
Benign: Right Ans - is encapsulated can be spread out (looks round like a
bubble)
Malignant: Right Ans - not encapsulated, they spread, disorganized
character
Neoplasms: Right Ans - is a mass of new tissue that grows independently of
its surrounding structures and has no physiologic purpose
, More Information for Benign Neoplasms: Right Ans - - Localized
- Encapsulated
- Well defined borders
- Grow slowly
- Typically are easily removed
- Most don't reoccur
Reminders about Malignant Neoplasms: Right Ans - - Grows aggressive
- Doubling time (makes 2 cells, increases with this time)
- Irregular shaped
- Dedifferentiate
- Can travel to other areas (bleeding, nercorsis and inflammation)
- Can break off to make it more than one location
- Lots of contact information
- Typically reoccurs commonly (this means they are in remission = care not
promised)
- Taking nutrients, blood and oxygen from good cells. Stealing around causing
other symptoms like pain or faitgue
Staging: Right Ans - extent to the disease that is growing
Grading: Right Ans - histological, level of maturity
Normal cell differentiation: Right Ans - if a cell is sick T cells go after to
since it is damaged. From there apoptosis occurs leading to cell suicide
Cancer cell differentiation: Right Ans - they are able to avoid apoptosis.
This leads to uncontrolled growth of diseased cells. Can revert back to the
resting phase, weak antigens or invading the immune system.
Mutation of cells: Right Ans - caused by carcinogens
Risk for this is due to:
- Smoking
- Environmental exposure
- High nitrate diet
- Sedentary lifestyle
- Radon gas
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