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GFACT EXAM REVIEW BOOK 1
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GFACT EXAM REVIEW BOOK 1
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GFACT EXAM REVIEW BOOK 1Motherboard - Answers- A circuit board that contains all of the computer system's main
components.
Sizes:
E-ATX: The largest size, known as 'extended ATX'.
ATX: The 'standard' size.
micro-ATX: Smaller than ATX.
mini-ITX: Even smaller still.
Type 1 Hypervisor - Answers- where the virtualization occurs at the firmware level
Type 2 Hypervisor - Answers- where the virtualization is done by a software program
that runs on an operating system
Socket - Answers- kind of connector that the CPU processor has
Buses - Answers- responsible for moving data btw components
CPU (Central Processing Unit) - Answers- The internal operating unit or "brain" of a
computer.
Cores - Answers- responsible for executing instructions
Clock Speed - Answers- dictates how many instructions the CPU can process each
second
* processor that can execute one instruction per second has a clock speed of 1 Hz
(hertz)
Context Switching - Answers- moving programs in and out of the CPU
RAM (Random Access Memory) - Answers- stores the computer's programs and data
temporarily while power is on.
Factors:
DDR# stands for double data rate
*3
*4
*5
GPU (graphics processing unit) - Answers- A processor on a video card used to create
graphics. It takes the load off the CPU.
,Heat Sinks - Answers- A device used to absorb and pull away excessive or unwanted
heat.
Power supply or Power Supply Unit (PSU) - Answers- responsible for taking power
from either the mains power supply or a battery (in the case of laptops) and converting
then delivering it to the computer components.
SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment) data cable - Answers- used for
powering hard drives
ATX (Advanced Technology Extended) cable - Answers- runs to the motherboard
PCI Express (PCIe) - Answers- runs to the graphics card
Encoding - Answers- a mechanism enabling us to take data in one format, e.g. binary
and then 'package' it in another, e.g. ASCII
Proposition (Boolean Statement) - Answers- one which can only be true or false
Logical AND - Answers- Used to only execute the following statement or block of
statements if both conditions are true; represents as &&
AND is considered to be a connective. A connective is used to connect two or more
propositions. The AND connective specifically is called a conjunction.
Logical OR - Answers- Used to execute the following statement or block of statements
if one of the conditions are true; represents as ||
OR is a type of connective and the OR connective itself is known as a disjunction.
Logical NOT - Answers- effect of inverting whatever input it receives, so true becomes
false and false becomes true; represents as !
NOT is a type of connective and the NOT connective itself is known as a negation.
Logical NAND - Answers- an AND circuit followed by a NOT circuit
NAND is a type of connective and the NAND connective itself is known as an alternative
denial
Logical NOR - Answers- the OR circuit followed by a NOT circuit
NOR is a type of connective and the NOR connective itself is known as a joint denial
, Logical XOR (Exclusive OR) - Answers- checks if only one side or the other is true but
not both; a crucial concept in encrypting data and one of the most simple forms of
encryption/decryption
XOR is a type of connective and the XOR connective itself is known as an exclusive
disjunction
Tautology - Answers- an assertion or formula which is always true no matter the inputs
Contradiction - Answers- where all the results of a logical statement are always false no
matter the inputs
Contigency - Answers- a logical statement where the outcomes could be true or false
contingent on the inputs
File System - Answers- A method used by operating systems to store, retrieve, and
organize files.
Cluster - Answers- smallest section of the disk that can be used to store a file
Bits - Answers- the smallest unit of data in a computer
All data in a computer system is made up of bits:
1 byte is 8 bits.
1 kilobyte (kB) is 1000 bytes.
1 megabyte (MB) is 1000 kilobytes.
1 gigabyte (GB) is 1000 megabytes.
1 terabyte (TB) is 1000 gigabytes.
Oh, and 4 bits (half a byte) is called a nibble...
1024 Byte - Answers- 1 byte is 8 bits.
1 kibibyte (KiB) is 1024 bytes.
1 mebibyte (MiB) is 1024 kibibytes.
1 gibibyte (GiB) is 1024 mebibytes.
1 tebibyte (TiB) is 1024 gibibytes.
Notation:
0d - Answers- denary
Notation:
0b - Answers- binary
Notation:
0x - Answers- hexadecimal
d10 is 10 in denary
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