Exam (elaborations)
NR283 Final Exam Review Part 1 2024/2025
- Course
- Institution
NR283 Final Exam Review Part 1 2024/2025 NR283 Final Exam Review Part 1 2024/2025 NR283 Final Exam Review Part 1 2024/2025
[Show more]
Content preview
NR283 Final Exam Review Part 1To maintain homeostasis, the body moves fluids between compartments using - ANS pressure,
electrolytes, and hormones.
Fluids serve a life-sustaining purpose by acting as a transport mechanism for - ANS gases, nutrients, and
waste. Fluids also protect organs and bones from external trauma.
What occurs during osmosis? - ANS Water moves from an area of lower solute concentration to an area
of higher solute concentration.
Two-thirds of the body's fluids are - ANS intracellular (within the cells in the body).
Extracellular fluids include - ANS interstitial (outside the cells and the vascular system), intravascular
(within blood vessels), and other compartments (cerebrospinal areas).
Fluid can move between spaces within the body through two mechanisms, - ANS hydrostatic pressure
and osmotic pressure.
Hydrostatic pressure - ANS is the pressure exerted to PUSH fluid from one compartment to another
When pressure in the blood vessels, or blood pressure, is higher, and more fluid may be pushed from
the intravascular area to the extracellular spaces where the pressure is lower. This is called - ANS
Hydrostatic Pressure
Osmotic pressure - ANS PULLS/draws fluid from an area of higher concentration to one of lower
concentration.
,Osmolarity - ANS is a value used to describe the concentration (number of particles) within a fluid.
Osmolarity determines - ANS osmotic pressure.
Fluid movement is driven by - ANS electrolyte concentrations, blood pressure, proteins, and certain
hormones.
Blood pressure is regulated by receptors throughout the body that send signals to the _______ system
to constrict or dilate blood vessels depending on the fluid imbalance it may sense. - ANS autonomic
nervous
Proteins maintain fluid balance by - ANS attracting additional water to increase fluid balance.
Low protein levels can cause - ANS movement of fluid into interstitial areas, causing edema.
Hormones are used to attract fluid or to - ANS control the pressure of the vascular system
Renin, a hormone made by the kidney, is converted to angiotensinogen to cause - ANS vasoconstriction
Three primary hormones used to increase or decrease fluid levels in the body include: - ANS Antidiuretic
hormone (ADH) signals the kidneys to promote reabsorption of water.
Aldosterone signals the kidneys for reabsorption of sodium ions and water.
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) are secreted by the heart to assist
with fluid level maintenance.
, Antidiuretic hormone, aldosterone, atrial natriuretic peptide are triggered for release by the - ANS
hypothalamus with changes in osmotic or hydrostatic pressure
Hypovolemia - ANS Traumatic blood loss is one of the most common causes of fluid imbalance. Another
cause is dehydration.
_____ blood is lost due to hemorrhage, - ANS Whole
plasma is reduced when - ANS someone does not intake enough fluid to replenish fluid lost from sweat
and other sources.
Maldistribution of fluid occurs when - ANS immune response mediators or other protein or hormone
deficits cause a movement of fluid from one compartment to another without a loss of fluid.
An example of this is an allergic response where considerable edema may occur
Hypervolemia happens when - ANS too much fluid accumulates and/or organs in the body are unable to
manage or excrete this extra fluid.
For example, when someone experiences a myocardial infarction, the heart is incapable of pumping the
amount of blood in the system, which causes a backup in the venous system and subsequent edema
from excessive hydrostatic pressure
Hypovolemia causes - ANS blood loss from external injury
dehydration
anemia
gastrointestinal bleeding
medications (diuretics, laxatives)
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller lectjoseph. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $13.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
67163 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now