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CPCE EXAM 2024/2025 WITH 100% ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
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CPCE EXAM 2024/2025 WITH 100% ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
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CPCE EXAM 2024/2025 WITH 100% ACCURATESOLUTIONS
Empirically validated Treatment or Empirically Supported treatment -
Answer ✔✔When counselors do integrate research into practice.
Correlation - Answer ✔✔Correlation is simply an association. It is not
the same as causality. The correlation between people who have an
umbrella open and rain is very high, but opening your umbrella does not
cause it to rain.
Three types of correlations - Answer ✔✔Go from negative 1 to 0 to
positive 1. Zero means no correlation while positive 1 and negative 1 are
perfect correlations. A negative .5 is not higher than a correlation of -.5
In fact, a correlation of -.8 is stronger than a correlation of .5.
A positive correlation: when x goes up, y goes up. For example, when
you study more, your GPA goes up.
A negative correlation: when x goes up y goes down. For example, the
more you brush your teeth, the less you will be plagued by cavities.
Quantitative research - Answer ✔✔when one quanitifes or measures
things. It yields numbers.
Qualitative research - Answer ✔✔When does research does not use
numberical data
,Bubbles - Answer ✔✔When research has flaws
What is a true experiment? - Answer ✔✔Two or more groups are udes.
What is random sampling? - Answer ✔✔People are picked randomly
and placed in groups using random assignment.
Systematic sampling - Answer ✔✔where every nth person is chosen can
also be used howere, researchers stillprefer random sampling and
random assignment
What is quasi-experimental research? - Answer ✔✔When the groups are
not picked at random or the researcher cannot control the IV then it is a
quasi rather than a true experiment. quasi-experimental research does
not ensure causality.
What is the independent variable - Answer ✔✔The experimental group
gets the IV and it is known as the experimental variable.
what is the DV or dependent variable? - Answer ✔✔the outcome data in
the study is called the DV. If we want to see if eating carrots raises one's
IQ then eating carrots is the IV while the IQ scores at the end of the
study would be the DV.
Type I alpha error - Answer ✔✔When a researcher rejects a null
hypothesis that is true.
,Type II beta error - Answer ✔✔When a research accepts null when it
should have been rejected.
What is significance levels in social science? - Answer ✔✔.05 or less
(.01 to .001) The signifcance level gives you the probability of a type 1
error.
N=1 - Answer ✔✔a single subject design or case study and thus does
not rely on IV, DV, control group, ect. Case studies are becoming more
popular.
Demand characteristics - Answer ✔✔evident when subjects in a study
have cues regarding what the researcher deires or does not desire that
influence their behavior. This can counfound an experiment rendering
the research inaccurate.
An obtrustive or a reactive measure - Answer ✔✔if subjects know they
are being observed. Observers' presence can influence subject's behavior
rather than merely the experimental variable or treatment modality.
Unobtrusive measure - Answer ✔✔When subjects are not aware that
they are being measured.
Internal vailidty - Answer ✔✔when an experimental has few flaws and
thus findings are accurate. The IV caused the changes in the DV, not
some other factor (known as confounding extraneous variables or
, artifacts). When internal vaility is low the researcher didn't measure
what he thought he measured.
External validity - Answer ✔✔it is high when the results in a study can
be generalized to other settings.
A t test - Answer ✔✔a popular parametric test for comparing two
means.
ANOVA or analysis of variance - Answer ✔✔Also called a one-way
ANOVA. used when you have two or means to compare. The t test and
the ANOVA are parametric measures for normally distributed
populations. The ANOVA provides F values and the F test will tell you
if significant differences are present.
MANOVA - Answer ✔✔Used when you are investigating more than
one DV>
A factorail analysis of variance - Answer ✔✔When you are
investigating more than one IV/experimental variable (if you have two
IVs it would be called a two-way ANOVA three IVs a three way
ANOVA.)
Chi square - Answer ✔✔if the population is not necessarily normal then
this nonparametric test is used. or a Kruskal-wallace can be used.
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