Exam (elaborations)
PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION (PCI) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FULLY SOLVED
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PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION (PCI)
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PERCUTANEOUS CORONARYINTERVENTION (PCI)
PCI: - answer nonsurgical procedure performed to open coronary arteries through one
of the following means:
● Atherectomy: Used to break up and remove plaques within cardiac vessels.
● Stent: Placement of a mesh-wire device that contains no medication to hold an artery
open and prevent restenosis.
● Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty: Also referred to simply as
angioplasty, this involves inflating a balloon to dilate the arterial lumen and the adhering
plaque, thus widening the arterial lumen. This can include stent placement.
INDICATIONS: - answer● Can be performed on an elective basis to treat coronary
artery disease when there is occlusion of one to two coronary arteries. The area of
occlusion is confined, not scattered, and easy to access (proximal).
● Might reduce ischemia during the occurrence of an acute myocardial infarction (MI) by
opening coronary arteries and restoring perfusion. It is usually performed within 4 - 6 hr
of the onset of manifestations if having a non-ST-elevation (NSTEMI) or myocardial
infarction (MI), or within 60 - 90 min for a ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
● Might be used as an alternative to coronary artery bypass graft.
● Angioplasty might be used with stent placement to prevent artery reocclusion and to
dilate the coronary artery.
CLIENT PRESENTATION: - answerSUBJECTIVE DATA: Chest pain might occur with
or without exertion. Pain might radiate to the jaw, left arm, through the back, or to the
shoulder. Manifestations might increase in cold weather or with exercise. Other
manifestations might include dyspnea, nausea, fatigue, and diaphoresis.
OBJECTIVE DATA: ECG changes might include ST elevation, depression, or
nonspecific ST changes. Other findings might include bradycardia, tachycardia,
hypotension, elevated blood pressure, vomiting, and mental disorientation.
COMPLICATIONS: Artery dissection - answer● Perforation of an artery by the catheter
might cause cardiac tamponade or require emergency bypass surgery.
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