What information must be provided in order to obtain informed consent?
A.Explanation of condition
B.Detailed description of treatment
C.Risks and benefits of treatment
D.Possible alternative treatments
E.Right to refuse treatment for the child
F.All of the above - correct answer ...
What information must be provided in order to obtain informed consent?
A.Explanation of condition
B.Detailed description of treatment
C.Risks and benefits of treatment
D.Possible alternative treatments
E.Right to refuse treatment for the child
F.All of the above - correct answer The answer is "F. All of the Above"
Who is legally responsible for obtaining informed consent?
A.RN
B.LPN
C.Physician
D.Nurse Practitioner - correct answer The answer is "C. The Physician" In some
states, a Nurse Practitioner can obtain consent for specific treatment and procedures. It is the medical
provider that determines the treatment plan and must present informed consent to the parents and
obtain written signature of consent. The RN shares in the responsibility of ensuring consent is obtained
prior to treatment but is not able to provide informed information or obtain the signed consent. In some
rare cases, the RN may be asked to witness a verbal or phone consent.
When parents are divorced, who is eligible to consent to medical treatment of the child?
A.Only the parent with legal authority may give consent
B.Both parents must consent
C.Either parent may consent - correct answer Technically the answer is A. Only
parents with legal authority may give consent.
In shared custody agreements, either parent may grant consent without consulting the other parent.
In the state of Ohio, biological parents are assumed to have legal authority unless there are court
documents that specify otherwise. Step-parents and grandparents do not have legal authority unless
there are court documents that specify otherwise.
,Which approach would be best to use to ensure a positive response form a toddler?
A.Assume an eye-level position and talk quietly.
B.Call the toddler's name while picking them up.
C.Call the toddler's name and say, "I'm your nurse."
D.Stand by the toddle, addressing them by name. - correct answer The correct
answer is A. It is important that the nurse assume a position at the child's level when communicating
with him or her. By speaking quietly and focusing on the child, the nurse should be able to obtain a
positive response.
B Incorrect: The nurse should engage the child and inform the toddler what is going to occur. If the
nurse picks up the child without explanation, the child is most likely going to become upset.
C Incorrect: The toddler may not understand the meaning of the phrase, "I'm your nurse."
D Incorrect: If a positive response is desired, the nurse should assume the child's level when speaking if
possible.
Which of the following indicators are measured by pain assessment tools?
•Tachycardia
•Tachypnea
•Behavior measures
•Self reporting of pain
•Hypertension
•Flushing/pallor
•Perspiration
•Decreased oxygen saturation - correct answer Behavioral measures (such as
expression, positioning, movement, and crying)
Self-report (how the child quantifies the pain).
Even though acute pain is associated with physiologic parameters, such as heart rate, respiratory rate
and pattern, oxygen saturation, and blood pressure changes; and these changes may be noted with
long-term untreated or under treated pain, no pain assessment tool has yet been developed using these
, parameters. Existing conditions such as infection, trauma, anemia, or stress may also be responsible for
these vital sign changes and are not considered reliable indicators of pain.
When assessing a 4-year-old chest, the nurse should expect:
A. movement of the chest wall to be symmetric bilaterally and coordinated with breathing movement
B. respiratory movements to be thoracic
C. anteroposterior diameter to be equal to the transverse diameter
D. retraction of the muscles between the ribs on respiratory movement - correct answer
The answer is "A". The nurse would expect the chest wall movements to be symmetric on the left and
right side and to be coordinated with breathing.
Of the following respiratory structures, which one does not distribute air?
A.Bronchioles
B.Alveolus
C.Bronchus
D.Trachea - correct answer The answer is "B - alveolus". The other structures listed
here are for distributing air, the alveolus is where gas exchange takes place.
The infant relies primarily on:
A.Mouth breathing
B.Intercostal muscles for breathing
C.Diphragmatic abdominal breathing
D.All of the above - correct answer The answer is "C. diaphragmatic abdominal
breathing". Remember that infants are obligate nose breathers until 4-6 months of age and do not rely
on mouth breathing. Use of intercostal muscles is a sign of respiratory distress called "restractions".
Children are diaphragmatic abdominal breathers until about the age of 6 years old.
Room air is considered what percentage of oxygen?
A.16%
B.21%
C.20%
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