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NUR 3110 Exam 5 Study Guide With Complete Solution
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NUR 3110 Exam 5 Study GuideWith Complete Solution
Urinary tract function - ANSWER to eliminate waste and excess fluid from the
body in the form of urine.
Regulates levels of electrolytes, produces hormones that are important for
blood pressure regulation, develops red blood cells, and helps to keep bones
strong
kidneys filter - ANSWER 120 to 150 quarts of blood to produce about 1 to 2
quarts of urine
bladder can hold - ANSWER 2 cups of urine
which three sets of muscles prevent unwanted urination? - ANSWER 1. The
urethra
2. The bladder neck whichis composed of theinternal sphincter
3. The pelvic floor
dark yellow / amber urine - ANSWER can indicate a need to increase fluid
intake
dark brown urine - ANSWER may be a sign of dehydration and kidney or liver
issues
red tinted urine - ANSWER may be caused by blood in the urine
effective urine production in adults - ANSWER approximately 1.5 to 1.8 liters
daily
,infants produce - ANSWER approximately 2 mL/kg/hr of urine
toddler produce - ANSWER approximately 1.5 mL/kg/hr of urine
teens produce - ANSWER roughly 1 mL/kg/hr of urine
adults produce - ANSWER approximately 0.5 mL/kg/hr
antidiuretics - ANSWER minimize fluid loss by preventing urineproduction in
the kidneys
diuretics - ANSWER increase urination by increasing urine productionin the
kidneys
stress incontinence - ANSWER coughing, sneezing,laughing, or physical
activity that increasespressure on the bladder
urge incontinence - ANSWER strong urge to urinate,but leaking occurs
before getting to the toilet
reflex incontinence - ANSWER urinary leakage as aresult of nerve damage
overflow incontinence - ANSWER incomplete bladderemptying which results
in the bladderoverfilling when full
functional incontinence - ANSWER physical inability toreach the toilet in time
bedwetting - ANSWER enuresis
urinary retention - ANSWER occurs when the bladderis not able to fully
empty
symptoms of urinary retention - ANSWER inability to urinate,pain, abdominal
distention, urinary frequency, urinary hesitancy,weak or slow urine stream,
and urinary leakage
,urinary tract infections (UTIs) - ANSWER Caused by bacteria entering the
urinarytract.
More common in women than in menbecause women have a shorter urethra.
If left untreated, may result in a kidneyinfection called pyelonephritis.
Risk factors include sexual activity,menopause, urinary retention,
urinaryobstruction, frequent urinary catheter use,diabetes, or urinary tract
abnormalities.
Symptoms include burning or painfulurination and frequent urgency to
urinatedespite not having a lot of urine to pass
kidney stones (renal calculi / nephrolithiasis / urolithiasis) - ANSWER
hardformations of mineralsand salts that collect inthe kidneys
kidney failure - ANSWER the loss of 15% of expected kidney function; can
also affect the client's quality of sleep and cause sexualdysfunction
urinary diversions - ANSWER Urinary catheterization (temporary)
Urinary stents (temporary or permanent)
Urostomy/ileal conduit
Nephrostomy (usually temporary)
, Continent Urinary Diversion: neobladder/continent cutaneous reservoir
Cystostomy-suprapubic catheter
uroflowmetry - ANSWER Measures urine speed and volume
postvoid residual measurement - ANSWER Measures the amount of urine left
in the bladderafter voiding
cystometric test - ANSWER Measures bladder capacity, or the amount of
fluidor pressure inside the bladder as it is filling, and itsfinal capacity when
the urge to urinate begins
leak point pressure measurement - ANSWER Measures bladder pressure
when the bladderbegins to leak
electromyography - ANSWER Calculates electrical impulses of the nerves
andmuscles of the bladder and sphincters
video urodynamic test - ANSWER Takes pictures and video of the bladder
while it isfilling and emptying
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