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MICB 212 Final Exam Study Guide Solutions

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MICB 212 Final Exam Study Guide Solutions Main reservoir of Influenza - ANSWERBIRDS! Main reservoir of Poliovirus - ANSWERHUMANS! Targets of Anti-Viral Drugs in HIV - ANSWER1. Protease Inhibitor 2. RT Inhibitor 3. Integrase Inhibitory 4. Entry Inhibitor there is no such thing called exit in...

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  • October 30, 2024
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MICB 212 Final Exam Study Guide

Solutions


Main reservoir of Influenza - ANSWER✔✔BIRDS!


Main reservoir of Poliovirus - ANSWER✔✔HUMANS!


Targets of Anti-Viral Drugs in HIV - ANSWER✔✔1. Protease Inhibitor


2. RT Inhibitor


3. Integrase Inhibitory


4. Entry Inhibitor




there is no such thing called exit inhibitor -> NA glycoprotein on HIV don't need to be targeted by anti-

viral drug because it works on virus egress -> no effect




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Unique Characteristics of Enterovirus (Poliovirus) - ANSWER✔✔- naked virus so stronger than other

enveloped virus


- highly resistant to acidic pH in gastrointestinal (gut)


- highly resistant to acid so it resides in swimming pool


- transmitted by fecal- oral route


Pathogenesis of Poliovirus - ANSWER✔✔- fecal- oral transmission


- replicates in the gut (gastrointestinal system)


- once poliovirus particle is in blood, it targets CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (infect nerve cells and kill

them)


- infected person excretes virus in poop (so it is fecal- oral transmission)


Describe polycistronic translation in Poliovirus and how they are cleaved into individual proteins -

ANSWER✔✔- after polio translation, polypeptide folds into structures and parts of the polyprotein are

[proteases] -> they become functional




- viral protease itself cleaves polio polyprotein into 20 individual proteins (structural + replication

proteins)


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Virus Genome and Envelopedness of:


1. Poliovirus


2. Influenza


3. HIV - ANSWER✔✔1. Poliovirus: (+) ssRNA + naked virus


2. Influenza: 8 segments of (-) RNA, enveloped


3. HIV: 2 identical copies of (+)ssRNA, enveloped


Reason why influenza vaccines need to be administered each year - ANSWER✔✔- frequent mutations

and gene arrangements in viral envelope protein genes -> Ab from previous vaccine won't work


- due to antigenic drift (minor) + shift (endemic)


Why is the dsDNA product from reverse transcribing HIV's +RNA during RT longer in length? -

ANSWER✔✔- due to RT process


- RT reads primer and terminator sequence on RNA and transcribes those as well onto DNA


3 Functions of Reverse Transcriptase (RT enzyme) in HIV replication cycle - ANSWER✔✔1. RDDP (RNA

dependent DNA pol) -> reads (+)ssRNA and makes ssDNA


2, RNAse H -> degrades RNA in RNA:DNA hybrid



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