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CMSRN - Cardiac |Questions with 100% Correct Answers
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CMSRN - Cardiac |Questions with 100% Correct Answers
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CMSRN - Cardiac |Questions with100% Correct Answers
Antiplatelet Agents and Dual Antiplatelet Therapy (DAPT) - Commonly prescribed drugs -
✔ ✔ Aspirin
Clopidogrel (Plavix)
Dipyridamole (Persantine)
Prasugrel (Effient)
Ticagrelor (Brilinta)
What do anti-platelets do? - ✔ ✔ Keeps blood clots from forming by preventing blood
platelets from sticking together.
What is the purpose of prescribing anti-platelets? - ✔ ✔ Helps prevent clotting in patients who
have had a heart attack, unstable angina, ischemic strokes, TIA (transient ischemic attacks) and
other forms of cardiovascular disease. Can also be prescribed preventively when plaque
buildup is evident but there is not yet a major blockage in the artery.
Certain patients will be prescribed aspirin combined with another antiplatelet drug - also
known as dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT).
What is Dual Antiplatelet Therapy (DAPT) - ✔ ✔ Some patients who have heart attacks, that
have stents placed in their coronary arteries, or undergo coronary artery bypass graft surgery
(CABG) are treated with two types of antiplatelet agents at the same time to prevent blood
clotting. This is called dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT).
What meds are prescribed for DAPT? - ✔ ✔ One antiplatelet agent is aspirin. Almost everyone
with coronary artery disease, including those who have had a heart attack, stent, or CABG are
treated with aspirin for the rest of their lives. A second type of antiplatelet agent, called a P2Y12
inhibitor, is usually prescribed for months or years in addition to the aspirin therapy.
,Commonly prescribed ACE-inhibitors - ✔ ✔ Benazepril (Lotensin)
Captopril (Capoten)
Enalapril (Vasotec)
Fosinopril (Monopril)
Lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril)
Moexipril (Univasc)
Perindopril (Aceon)
Quinapril (Accupril)
Ramipril (Altace)
Trandolapril (Mavik)
What do ACE inhibitors do? - ✔ ✔ Expands blood vessels and decreases resistance by
lowering levels of angiotensin II. Allows blood to flow more easily and makes the heart's work
easier or more efficient. Used to treat or improve symptoms of cardiovascular conditions
including high blood pressure and heart failure.
Commonly prescribed ARBS (Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers) - ✔ ✔ Azilsartan (Edarbi)
Candesartan (Atacand)
Eprosartan (Teveten)
Irbesartan (Avapro)
Losartan (Cozaar)
Olmesartan (Benicar)
Telmisartan (Micardis)
Valsartan (Diovan)
What do ARBs do? - ✔ ✔ Rather than lowering levels of angiotensin II (as ACE inhibitors do)
angiotensin II receptor blockers prevent this chemical from having any effect on the heart
and blood vessels. This keeps blood pressure from rising. Used to treat or improve symptoms
of cardiovascular conditions including high blood pressure and heart failure.
, Commonly prescribed beta-blockers - ✔ ✔ Acebutolol (Sectral)
Atenolol (Tenormin)
Betaxolol (Kerlone)
Bisoprolol/hydrochlorothiazide (Ziac)
Bisoprolol (Zebeta)
Metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL)
Nadolol (Corgard)
Propranolol (Inderal)
Sotalol (Betapace)
Why are beta-blockers prescribed? - ✔ ✔ Decreases the heart rate and force of contraction,
which lowers blood pressure and makes the heart beat more slowly and with less force. Used to
lower blood pressure, cardiac arrhythmias, chest pain (angina), help prevent future heart
attacks in patients who have had a heart attack.
Combined Alpha and Beta-Blockers - ✔ ✔ Combined alpha and beta-blockers are used to treat
high blood pressure and heart failure. Commonly prescribed are Carvedilol and Labetalol.
Commonly prescribed calcium channel blockers - ✔ ✔ Amlodipine (Norvasc)
Diltiazem (Cardizem, Tiazac)
Felodipine (Plendil)
Nifedipine (Adalat, Procardia)
Nimodipine (Nimotop)
Nisoldipine (Sular)
Verapamil (Calan, Verelan)
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