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NUR 2243 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) TEST 2 | PASSED | A+ RATED GUIDE | NEW FULL EXAM $16.99   Add to cart

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NUR 2243 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) TEST 2 | PASSED | A+ RATED GUIDE | NEW FULL EXAM

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  • NUR 2243 T
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  • NUR 2243 T

NUR 2243 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) TEST 2 | PASSED | A+ RATED GUIDE | NEW FULL EXAM

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  • October 30, 2024
  • 32
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • NUR 2243 T
  • NUR 2243 T
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NUR 2243 Test 2

1. What are the three buffering systems for Acid/Base balance
Answer

Carbonic Acid



- Bicarbonate System Respiratory Regulation Kidneys

2. How does the Carbonic Acid-Bicarbonate system affect acid/base balance-



Answer

CO2 (acid) combines with water making carbonic acid. This carbonic acid turns into
bicarbonate. Making the body go from acidic to basic.



Bicarbonate can break into carbonic acid, which can convert to CO2 and water going rom basic to
acidic.

3. How does Respiratory drive effect acid/base balance

Answer

Exhale CO2, allowing hydrogen to form with carbonic acid, making bicarbonate.



Exhale too much CO2 and you make too much bicarbonate.

Exhale too little CO2, and you lose too much bicarbonate, causing acidity.


4. How do kidneys effect acid/base balance

Answer

,Kidneys excrete or retain hydrogen ions. Excrete more hydrogen (acid), you become more basic.
Excrete less hydrogen (acid), you become acidic.



5. What does acid base balance affect
Answer

Hormones and enzymes
Fluid and electrolyte imbalances
Excitable membrane changes
Decreased pharmacological effectiveness


6. Metabolic Acidosis Causes
Answer

Excessive oxidation of fatty acids (starvation, DKA) Hypermetabolism (fever, seizure, rhabdo)



Acid Ingestion (Ethanol / salicylate intoxication)
Disease (Kidney failure, liver failure, pancreatitis, diarrhea)


7. What causes excessive oxidation of fatty acids?
Answer

Starvation

Body breaks down fats when glucose is not available



Diabetic Ketoacidosis


Same as starvation, but this is caused by no insulin taking glucose to the cells

,8. How to fix Metabolic acidosis?
Answer

Treat underlying issue.



DKA = insulin, acid buildup due to making fats into glucose, causing excessive acid.

Dialysis = ridding acid buildup that can't be removed by kidneys due to failure.


9. Metabolic Acidosis universal thing to monitor
Answer

Cardiac monitor



- Electrolyte values can get out of wack, causing cardioarrythmias


10. Will giving bicarbonate help metabolic acidosis?
Answer

In extreme cases only.




11. Interventions for metabolic acidosis
Answer

Treat underlying issue Cardiac monitor



HCO3 (extreme cases only)
Hydration (intravenous fluids, stop diarrhea)

, 12. Metabolic Alkalosis causes
Answer

- Prolonged vomiting / NG suctioning


losing stomach acid)



- Antacid abuse


too much alkaline intake, stopping acid production in stomach



- Thiazide diuretics


losing too much fluid without ridding acid



- Parenteral base


TPN, blood products



13. Metabolic Alkalosis treatments
Answer

- Fall prevention


muscles will be weak, hy- potension

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