FTCE ESOL K-12 Retest Placement test Exam
Questions with complete solutions 2023/2024
Reduced Vowel - correct answer occurs in unstressed word or
syllable -schwa most common
Phonology - correct answer organization of speech sounds
Homophone - correct answer two words pronounced the same
but different meaning & spelling, ie. Carrot & carat
Homonym - correct answer two words spelled the same &
sound the same, but that mean different things, ie. Left & left
Contrastive - correct answer change of meaning by replacing
one sound (phoneme) with another
Non-Contrastive - correct answer change in sound (phoneme)
does not change the meaning
Palatization - correct answer when a consonant becomes like a
neighboring sound, ie. [d]->[dз], did you eat
Digraph - correct answer single sound represented by two
letters, ie. Sing -> ŋ
Consonant Digraph - correct answer ch, sh, th, wh
,Consonant Blend - correct answer two or more consonants
together and each sound is heard, ie. "blend"
Intonation - correct answer pattern of pitch movement across
a sentence, the meaning of the sentence can depend in part on
the intonation, it also helps mark boundaries of a syntactic unit
Graphophonics - correct answer sound relationship between
the orthography and phonology of a language
Morphology - correct answer study of word formation
Morphemes - correct answer smallest linguistic unit that can
have meaning or grammatical (of, the, and) function. Unit
consists of root, prefix, suffix
Affix - correct answer added pieces to a word (prefix, suffix) -
change meaning or syntactic function to what attaches to
Bound Morpheme - correct answer has to be attached to
something else for it to mean something
Free Morpheme - correct answer can stand alone and mean
something
Subject - correct answer position immediately before verb
, Object - correct answer position immediately after verb (direct
object)
Prepositions - correct answer used to express thing involvedin
action, possesor, spatial relations, ie. With, in, or into, for,
before, without, over, under
Adverbs - correct answer express manner, attutude,
jusdgment of speaker, frequency, time, place, cause, or degree
(answer how, when, where, how much), ie. Quickly, fast, often
Prepositional Phrase - correct answer preposition + noun
phrase
Clause - correct answer a group of words containing a subject
and a verb
Indefinite Pronouns - correct answer refer to unspecified
people of things, many express some idea of quantity, ie. All,
seceral, few, none, nobody, somebody
Progressive Form - correct answer used to indicate continuity
of action vs. Its completion, ie. I am singing (-ing verbs), can be
used with all 6 tenses
Future Perfect - correct answer express action or make
statement about something that will be completed in the future
before some other future action or event-will have or shall have
+ past participle, ie. I will have watched
