NUR 320 Exam 3 Hepatic Disorders, Stomach and Intestine
Disorders, DM Disorders Questions With Complete
Solutions
Ascites Related to Cirrhosis Correct Answer -Accumulation of
serous fluid in peritoneal or abdominal cavity
-Several mechanisms
-Portal hypertension
-Hypoalbuminemia
-Hyperaldosteronism
Care for a Client with Cirrhosis Correct Answer Rest
Administration of B-complex vitamins
Avoidance of alcohol
Minimization or avoidance of aspirin, acetaminophen, and
NSAIDs
For ascites: Sodium restriction, Albumin, Diuretics,
Paracentesis, Shunt
For varicies: Prevent bleeding/hemorrhage, Avoid alcohol,
aspirin, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs),
Screen for presence with endoscopy, Nonselective β-blocker
-endoscopic therapy
-balloon tamponade
-IV therapy, blood products, manage airway
For bleeding: Fresh frozen plasma, Packed RBCs, Vitamin K,
Proton pump inhibitors, Lactulose (Cephulac) and rifaximin
(Xifaxan), Antibiotics
Caring for GERD Correct Answer -lifestyle mods
-nutrition: avoid triggers, small, frequent meals, avoid late night
meals, drink fluids between, chew gum
, -drugs: PPIs, can cause headaches as a side effect
-H2 R blockers to decrease HCl secretion, rarely have side
effects
-acid protection + antacids to neutralize HCl, 1-3 hours after
meal or at bedtime
-surgery: for complications only, nissen fundoplications: wraps
fundus over esophagous
Causes and Manifestations of Gastric vs Duodenal Ulcers
Correct Answer Gastric: H. Pylori, meds, bile reflux, alcohol,
smoking
-pain high in epigastrium burning, food aggravates pain
Duodenal: COPD, liver cirrhosis, pancreatitis,
hyperparathyroidism, CKD, Zollinger-Ellison
-beneath xiphoid process, back pain, 2-5 hours post meal,
burning/cramping, occur, appear, then disappear
Chronic Complications of DM Correct Answer -Angiopathy:
damage to blood vessels, more common in earlier onset, can
lead to cerebro, peripheral vascular and cardiovascular disease
-Macrovascular: hyperlipidemia, lifestyle factors
-Microvascular: thickening of vessels including retino, nephro,
or dermopathy, later in diagnoses
Cirrhosis Correct Answer End-stage of disease liver
-Extensive degeneration and destruction of liver cells
-Results in replacement of liver tissue by fibrous and
regenerative nodules
Causes: Hepatitis C and alcohol-induced liver disease
