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TFOT Exam 1 – Questions And Accurate Answers (A+)
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TFOT Exam 1 – Questions And Accurate Answers (A+)
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TFOT Exam 1 – Questions And Accurate Answers (A+)What was the historical moral viewpoint of disability? Right Ans - -society
values physical perfection, beauty, and intelligence.
-disability was a sign of inferiority or punishment
-people with disabilities survived on charity or begging
-people were often scorned, abandoned, mutilated, seen as a burden, or left
outside to die.
Phillipe Pinel Right Ans - -key character in the moral revolution
-French psychiatrist (1745-1826)
-first to say that those in mental asylums were diseased, not sinful or immoral.
-removed restraints
-organized activities to "distract" and "develop abilities of patients
What is the AOTA's definition of the word "occupation"? Right Ans - The
therapeutic use of everyday life activities (occupations) with individuals or
groups for the purpose of participation in roles and situations in home, school,
workplace, community, and other settings. Occupational therayp services are
provided for the purpose of promoting health and wellness and to those who
have or are at risk for developing an illness, injury, disease, disorder,
condition, impairment, disability, activity limitation, or participation
restriction.
Occupational therapy addresses the physical, cognitive, psychosocial, sensory,
and other aspects of performance in a variety of contexts to support
engagement in everyday life activities that affect health, well-being, and
quality of life.
Webster's dictionary definition of "occupation"? Right Ans - an activity in
which one engages...a way of passing time...the principal business of one's life.
Townsend, 1997 definition of "occupation" Right Ans - Occupations are
groups of activities and tasks of everyday life; named, organized, and given
value and meaning by individuals and a culture; occupation is everything
people do to occupy themselves, including looking after themselves (self-
care), enjoying life (leisure), and contributing to the social and economic
fabric of their communities (productivity); the domain of concern and the
therapeutic medium of occupational therapy."
,Royeen, 2002 definition of "occupation" Right Ans - The process of 'doing'
with meaning
What is the definition of "occupation"? Right Ans - -The activities that
comprise our life experience and can be named in the culture
-ordinary and familiar things that people do every day
-an individual's active participation in self-maintenance, work, leisure, and
play
-units of activity which are classified and named by the culture according to
the purposes they serve in enabling people to meet environmental challenges
successfully.
Why did the founders of OT choose the name for the profession? Right Ans
- -"Occupational therapy" is both ambiguous and comprehensive. It is open to
holistic interpretation that supports the diverse areas of practice.
Occupational therapy is both a ____ and a _____. How? Right Ans - -It is both a
"means" and an "end."
-"means" - it is a process; refers to a method of intervention
-"end" - it is a product or an outcome of the process of engaging in occupation
What are assumptions based on these definitions of "occupations"?
Occupations are.... Right Ans - -goal directed or purposeful
-are performed in situations or contexts that influence them
-can be named and identified
-have meaning
-occur in a social or cultural dimension
-can be categorized
Categories of occupations: Right Ans - -self-care
-work
-play
-leisure
Define self-care. Right Ans - -also called "self-maintenance"
-Activities of daily living (ADLs): BADL (basic...bathing, dressing), PADL
(personal), and IADL (instrumental...using tools in environment,
transportation, etc.)
, -The tasks that a person must be able to perform in order to care for self
independently, including self-care, communication and travel (Reed and
Sanderson, 1992)
-Those tasks that a person regularly does to prepare for, or as an adjunct to,
participating in his or her social and work roles (Trombly, 1995)
-Activities that a person does everyday to maintain personal independence
(Christiansen, 2000)
What does self-care include? Right Ans - -grooming, bathing, eating,
dressing, toileting, mobility, communication, and sexual expression
Define work. Right Ans - -Productive activities that maytake place at home,
school, community or place of employment
-work is any formal activity that prepares one for or involves earning a living,
being a student, or paid employment (Mosey, 1986)
-work refers to activities (both paid and unpaid) that provide services or
commodities to others (Kielhofner, 1995)
-Work involves activities or tasks done to provide support to self, family,
society.
What does work include? Right Ans - -tasks of home management -
shopping, cleaning, cooking
-Care of others - child care, parenting, care taker
-Education - being a student
-Vocation - employment, support subsistence
-Avocation - done for enjoyment only vs. paid
What is vocation and avocation? Right Ans - -Vocation - employment,
support subsistence
-Avocation - done for enjoyment only vs. paid
What is play? Right Ans - -primary occupation of childhood
-activity engaged in for pleasure.
-an intrinsic activity that involves enjoyment and leads to fun; spontaneous,
voluntary, and engaged in by choice (Ryan, 1993)
What does play include? Right Ans - -includes a variety of activities that
constitute a pleasurable way of passing time and are also the medium through
which a wide range of skills can be learned and rehearsed (Creek, 1997)
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