or cortex in the frontal lobe is located on the
Coarticulation - answerthe influence of one phoneme upon another in production and
perception wherein two different articulators move simultaneously to produce two different
speech sounds.
mass and elasticity - answerTwo properties of a medium tha...
Vocal fold nodules - answer✔Typically bilateral and sit opposite of each other, typically appear
at the junction of the anterior and middle third portion of the folds
cluttering - answer✔Highly dysfluent, rapid, unclear and disorganized speech. Lack of personal
concern or reduced awareness about problem
gestural AAC - answer✔No instruments or external aids are used; pantomime, eyeblink
encoding, American Indian hand talk, ASL
Hemorrhagic stroke - answer✔Caused by bleeding in the brain due to ruptured blood vessels.
Intracerebral (within brain) or extracerebral (within the meninges, resulting in subarachnoid,
subdural and epidural varieties)
Diaphragm - answer✔Respiration relies on the muscles of inspiration and expiration. The thick
dome shaped muscle that separates the abdomen from the thorax is called the
Diaphragm - answer✔Respiration relies on the muscles of inspiration and expiration. The thick
dome shaped muscle that separates the abdomen from the thorax is called the
orbicularis oris - answer✔The primary muscle of the lips is the
efferent nerves - answer✔Also called motor nerves; nerves that carry information out of the
brain and spinal cord to other areas of the body.
globus, pallidus, caudate, and putamen - answer✔The corpus striatum is composed of three
nuclear masses, which are the
corpus callosum and basal ganglia - answer✔The anterior cerebral artery supplies blood to the
Aryepiglottic folds - answer✔These are composed of a ring of connective tissue and muscle
extending from the tips of the arytenoid cartilages to the larynx. They separate the laryngeal
vestibule from the pharynx and help preserve the airway
palatoglossus, tensor veli palatini, and levator veli palatini - answer✔Muscles that contribute to
the velopharyngeal closure through tensing to elevating the velum are the
lingual frenulum - answer✔The structure at the inferior portion of the tongue that connects the
tongue with the mandible is the
genioglossus - answer✔When a person is producing voiced and voiceless /th/, the muscle most
involved is the
X - answer✔The cranial nerve that innervates the larynx and inneravates the levator veli palatini,
palatoglossus, and palatopharyngeus muscles is
Lateral cricoarytenoids and transverse arytenoids - answer✔Which muscles from the list are
most involved in adducting the vocal folds?
commissural fibers - answer✔cerebral hemispheres are connected by
reticular activating system - answer✔The central nervous systems primary mechanism of
attention, alertness, and consciousness, which is also related to sleep wake cycles is the
percentral gyrus - answer✔The primary motor cortex in the frontal lobe is located on the
Coarticulation - answer✔the influence of one phoneme upon another in production and
perception wherein two different articulators move simultaneously to produce two different
speech sounds.
mass and elasticity - answer✔Two properties of a medium that affect sound transmission are
sinusoidal wave - answer✔a sound wave that has horizontal/vertical symmetry, one peak and one
valley, single frequency and results of simple harmonic motion.
octave - answer✔an indication of the interval between two frequencies
natural frequency - answer✔a frequency with which a source of sound vibrates naturally
oscillation - answer✔Back and forth movement of air molecules because of vibrating object is
known as
fundamental frequency - answer✔The lowest frequency of a periodic wave is also known as the
complex tone - answer✔When two or more sounds of differing frequencies are added the result
is a
harmonics - answer✔In a periodically complex sound, tones occur over the fundamental
frequency and can be characterized as a whole number multiples of the fundamental frequency
are called
Bloodstein - answer✔advocated that stuttering may be caused by any belief that speech is a
difficult task, resulting in tension and speech fragmentation.
Brutten and Shoemaker - answer✔proposed that stuttering is limited to part word repetitions and
sound prolongations, stuttering is due to classically conditioned negative emotion, some
dysfluencies are operantly conditioned
stuttering modification approach - answer✔Cancellations, pull outs, and preparatory sets are
taught in:
fluency shaping techniques - answer✔Skills like managing airflow management, gentle
phonatory onset, and reduced rate of speech are targets in:
Inhalation - answer✔expand the lungs pressure within compared to outside the lungs. Air moves
through the open laryngeal valve and equalizes pressure inside and outside the lungs.
Myoelastic Aerodynamic Theory - answer✔Vocal folds vibrate because of the forces of pressure
of air and elasticity of vocal folds: Myoelastic aerodynamic theory
Bernoulli Effect - answer✔Increased speed of air passing between vocal folds, sucking motion of
the folds towards each other
Mucosal wave action - answer✔The cover and transition of the vocalis muscle slide to produce a
wave, critical to phonation
- answer✔Energy in vibration is modified by resonance characteristics of vocal tract
Genioglossus - answer✔Forms the bulk of the tongue and allows it move freely
peripheral nervous system - answer✔Controls cranial nerves, spinal nerves, autonomic nervous
system
central nervous system - answer✔consists of the brain and spinal cord
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