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NWHSU Immunology Final Questions and Answers (100% Pass)

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NWHSU Immunology Final Questions and Answers (100% Pass)

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  • October 29, 2024
  • 34
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • NWHSU
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NWHSU Immunology Final
Questions and Answers (100% Pass)
What type of cells are in acquired immunity?


✓ T and B lymphocytes




What type of cells are in Innate immunity?


✓ All other WBC's




Innate immunity sends a _____________ attack on invaders


✓ Non-specific




Acquired immunity sends a _____________ attack on invaders


✓ Specific




This type of immunity recognizes and responds to molecular patterns of

groups of microorganisms.


✓ Innate Immunity




This type of immunity recognized and responds to very specific molecular

structures of species or even strains.

Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 1|Page | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+

✓ Acquired immunity




Name the components of the 1st line of defense


✓ Tight junctions in cells of skin and mucous membranes, cilia in

respiratory tract




Name the cells that are involved in the 2nd line of defense


✓ Neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages, eosinophils, basophils, NK

lymphocytes




What are the processes involved in the 2nd line of defense?


✓ Complement, inflammation, phagocytosis




Name the cells involved in the 3rd line of defense.


✓ B and T lymphocytes




What are the processes involved in the 3rd line of defense?


✓ Antibodies and cytotoxic T cell response




Give an example where cells/functions of 2nd line defense collaborate with

cells/function of the 3rd line of defense.

Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 1|Page | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+

✓ Dendritic cells and macrophages (2nd line) presenting antigen to T

cells (3rd line)




Give an example where cells/functions of 2nd line defense embedded in

cells/function of the 1st line of defense.


✓ Dendritic cells (2nd line) are embedded in skin and mucous

membranes of 1st line




Give two examples where cells/functions of 3rd line defense collaborate with

cells/function of the 2nd line of defense.


✓ 1) Tc cells (3rd line) summoning NK cells (2nd line) for help

✓ 2) Antibody-antigen complex (3rd line) upregulating complement (2nd

line)

✓ 3) Antibodies (3rd line) acting as opsonins to attract neutrophils and

macorphages




Tc cells of the 3rd line summon which cells of the 2nd line of defense for help?


✓ NK cells




Antibodies in the 3rd line of defense acting as opsonins attract what from the

2nd line?


Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 1|Page | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+

✓ neutrophils and macrophages




Give examples of the properties of skin and mucous membranes that create

the 1st line of defense.


✓ - Tight junction between cells - physical barrier

✓ - Layer of dead keratinized cells on skin - physical barrier

✓ - Frequent shedding of cells - removal of attached pathogens

✓ - Mucous - traps pathogens

✓ - Cilia - mechanically removes pathogens

✓ lysozyme (in mucous, sweat, tears) - breaks down peptidoglycan and

causes lysis of gram positive bacteria

✓ - stomach acid - kills many pathogens




How do normal flora microbes contribute to defending our body at the first

line of defense?


✓ - They compete for nutrients

✓ - Produce acids that lower pH (leads to less favorable growth

condition)

✓ - Produce antibiotics




How does saliva contribute to the first line of defense?

Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update

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