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AP Computer Science Principles EXAM Study Guide Solutions

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AP Computer Science Principles EXAM Study Guide Solutions Overflow - ANSWER-error that results when the number of bits is not enough to hold the number, like a car's odometer "rolling over" Round-off - ANSWER-error that results when the number of bits is not enough to represent the actual numb...

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  • October 29, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • AP Computer Science
  • AP Computer Science
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AP Computer Science Principles EXAM

Study Guide Solutions


Overflow - ANSWER✔✔-error that results when the number of bits is not enough to hold the number,

like a car's odometer "rolling over"


Round-off - ANSWER✔✔-error that results when the number of bits is not enough to represent the

actual number, like 3 digits to represent π as 3.14


Lossy - ANSWER✔✔-Compressing data in a way that throws some data away and makes it almost

impossible to recover the original, great compression, like JPEG images


Lossless - ANSWER✔✔-Compressing data in a way that preserves all data away and allows full recovery

of the original, good compression -- usually not as good as lossy, like PNG images


Metadata - ANSWER✔✔-data about data, like a camera storing the location, aperture, shutter speed,

etc. for a digital photo


Sequencing - ANSWER✔✔-code flows line by line, one after another, like a recipe


Selection - ANSWER✔✔-a boolean condition to determine which of two algorithmic paths are taken, aka

if-then

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Iteration - ANSWER✔✔-using a looping control structure, like while, for, foreach, repeat, repeat-until,

etc.


Reasonable Time - ANSWER✔✔-polynomial in the number of steps an algorithm takes in the worst case

based on the input size


Not reasonable time - ANSWER✔✔-Usually exponential in the number of steps, like doubling every time

your input grows by one


Heuristic - ANSWER✔✔-using a "rule" to guide an algorithm, like always walking toward the north star if

you were stuck in a forest


Undecidable - ANSWER✔✔-A problem that is so difficult, we can't ever create an algorithm that would

be able to answer yes or no for all inputs, like determining if a user's program run on some input would

always stop and not run forever


Linear Search - ANSWER✔✔-Going one by one vs starting in the middle and going left/right like looking

for a word in the dictionary


Binary Search - ANSWER✔✔-requires the list to be sorted in order and then cutting the list in half


APIs - ANSWER✔✔-Application Programming Interface


Citizen Science - ANSWER✔✔-Lots of people to help with a scientific project, like asking everyone around

the world to count the butterflies they see one day

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Cloud Computing - ANSWER✔✔-Using distributed calculations and/or storage for big data or a web

application


Crowdsourcing - ANSWER✔✔-Asking lots of users online to help with something, like funding a project,

or running SETI@Home to help look for extraterrestrial signals


Creative Commons - ANSWER✔✔-An alternative to copyright that allows people to declare how they

want their artistic creations to be shared, remixed, used in noncommercial contexts, and how the policy

should propagate with remixed versions


Open Access - ANSWER✔✔-A policy that allows people to have read access to things, e.g., libraries or

online data


Moore's Law - ANSWER✔✔-The # of transistors on a chip doubles every two years


Peer-to-peer Networks - ANSWER✔✔-A system where one user's computer connects through the

Internet to another user's computer without going through an intermediary "centralized" computer to

manage the connection


Digital Divide - ANSWER✔✔-The idea that some communities / populations have less access to

computing than others


ISP - ANSWER✔✔-Internet Service Provider




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