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ECPI A&P 1 FINAL STUDY SET EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS
ECPI A&P 1 FINAL STUDY SET EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS
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ECPI A&P 1 FINAL STUDY SET EXAMQUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS
Endocrine - Answer-the body's "slow" chemical communication system; a set of glands
that secrete hormones into the bloodstream
red bone marrow - Answer-found in cancellous bone; site of hematopoiesis, produces
blood cells
yellow bone marrow - Answer-fatty tissue found in the medullary cavity of most adult
long bones
covalent bond - Answer-A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons
between atoms in a molecule
ionic bond - Answer-Formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom
to another
hydrogen bond - Answer-weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom
Polar - Answer-Molecule with partial charges. Mixes with water.having a pair of equal
and opposite charges
Nonpolar - Answer-No partial charges. Do not mix with water.equal sharing of electrons
What is a genetic code - Answer-is the set of rules used by living cells to translate
information encoded within genetic material into proteins.
DNA - Answer-deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material present in nearly all
living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic
information.
smooth muscle - Answer-Involuntary muscle found inside many internal organs of the
body
cardiac muscle - Answer-Involuntary muscle tissue found only in the heart.
skeletal muscle - Answer-A muscle that is attached to the bones of the skeleton and
provides the force that moves the bones.
Nucleus - Answer-A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for
growth and reproduction
, myocyte - Answer-muscle cell or muscle fiber
Chondrocytes - Answer-mature cartilage cells that reside in lacunae. a cell which has
secreted the matrix of cartilage and become embedded in it.
Osteocytes - Answer-a bone cell, formed when an osteoblast becomes embedded in
the matrix it has secreted.
Adipocytes - Answer-fat cells
Erythrocytes - Answer-red blood cells (RBC); no nucleus, contain hemoglobin which
carries oxygen
Aponeurosis - Answer-strong sheet of tissue that acts as a tendon to attach muscles to
bone
What is the matrix composed of? - Answer-fibrous proteins and ground substance
What are the layers of the bone? - Answer-periosteum, compact bone, spongy bone,
bone marrow
Interphase - Answer-Cell grows, performs its normal functions, and prepares for
division; consists of G1, S, and G2 phases
Prophase - Answer-Chromosomes become visable, nuclear envelop dissolves, spindle
forms
Metaphase - Answer-second phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line up
across the center of the cell
Anaphase - Answer-the third phase of mitosis, during which the chromosome pairs
separate and move toward opposite poles
Telophase - Answer-phase of mitosis in which the distinct individual chromosomes
begin to spread out into a tangle of chromatin
Cytokinesis - Answer-division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells
muscle spindles - Answer-receptors sensitive to change in length of the muscle and the
rate of that change
Golgi tendon organs - Answer-receptors that sense movement of the tendons, which
connect muscle to bone
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