Exam (elaborations)
A&P – ECPI EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
A&P – ECPI EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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A&P – ECPI EXAM QUESTIONS ANDANSWERS
Anatomy - Answer-The study of body structure
physiology - Answer-The study of body function
Anatomical position - Answer-To stand erect with arms at the sides and palms of the
hands turned forward
Homeostasis - Answer-process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal
environment
Levels of organization - Answer-subatomic particles, atom, molecule, macromolecule,
organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
Planes of the body - Answer-sagittal, frontal, transverse
Cervical vs cephalic - Answer-neck vs. head (cephalic has H in it)
peroxisomes - Answer-Contain oxidase enzymes that detoxify alcohol, hydrogen
peroxide, and lipids
pH scale - Answer-acid = lower than 7
neutral = 7
base = higher than 7
Organic - Answer-Contains carbon
inorganic - Answer-Does not contain carbon
Building blocks for carbs - Answer-monosaccharides or simple sugars
Building blocks of proteins - Answer-amino acids
Building blocks of nucleic acid - Answer-nucleotides
Phospholipids - Answer-A molecule that is a constituent of the inner bilayer of biological
membranes, having a polar, hydrophilic head and a nonpolar, hydrophobic tail.
Covalent vs ionic bond - Answer-covalent- electrons are SHARED between atoms
ionic- electrons are received or donated (at war, because they take electrons from each
other)
, Proton - Answer-positively charged particle
neutron - Answer-no charge
electron - Answer-negatively charged particle
Atomic Number - Answer-the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
mass number - Answer-the sum of the number of neutrons and protons in an atomic
nucleus
Nucleus - Answer-- A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for
growth and reproduction - center of cell
Nucleolus - Answer-Makes ribosomes
Mitochondria - Answer-Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy)
production
Lysosomes - Answer-- trash can of the cell - cell organelle filled with enzymes needed
to break down certain materials in the cell
Golgi apparatus - Answer-- postal service of the cell - A system of membranes that
modifies and packages proteins for export by the cell
Endoplasmic Reticulum - Answer-A cell structure that forms a maze of passageways in
which proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to another.
Rough ER - Answer-- Contains ribosomes
- Responsible for protein synthesis
Smooth ER - Answer-- does not contain ribosomes
- responsible for lipid synthesis
Active Transport - Answer-the movement of materials through a cell membrane using
energy
passive transport - Answer-Requires NO energy, Movement of molecules from high to
low concentration, Moves with the concentration gradient
Pinocytosis - Answer-- A type of endocytosis in which the cell ingests extracellular fluid
and its dissolved solutes.
- remember pino like the wine (pinot) because it's cell drinking
phagocytosis - Answer-Cell eating
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