What is a hapten? -Correct Answer ✔A non-immunogenic epitope
When a hapten comes in contact with a carrier protein, the complex becomes
immunogenic
What criteria are immunogens judged upon? -Correct Answer ✔Degree of foreigness
Size/molecular weight
Chemical nature/complexity
Ability to degrade
Dose
Route of presentation
What are the primary immune organs? -Correct Answer ✔Thymus
Bone Marrow
These are where differentiation, proliferation, and maturation of stem cells occurs to turn
them into immune cells
What are the secondary immune organs? -Correct Answer ✔Lymph Nodes
Peyers patches
Tonsils
NSG 532 Exam 4
, NSG 532 Exam 4
Appendix
These are where interaction between self and non-self occurs
Initiation of immune responses occurs here
Describe the route of a hematopoeitic stem cell in the bone marrow as it moves to
become an immune cell -Correct Answer ✔HSC is differentiated in bone marrow to
become a Lymphoid Stem Cell
LSC differentiates into B cells in the bone marrow and then to lymph node
LSC can also go to thymus where they will be differentiated into T cells and then to the
lymph node
What cells in the thymus trigger differentiation? -Correct Answer ✔Stromal epithelial
cells trigger differentiation and maturation of thymocytes
What hormones trigger the thymus to mature and differentiate thymocytes? -Correct
Answer ✔Thymosine hormone
Growth Factors
Cytokines
Where do Thymocytes enter the Thymus? -Correct Answer ✔The corticomedullary
junction of the thymus
What occurs in the cortex of the thymus? -Correct Answer ✔The earliest phases of
thymocyte development and positive selection, also the start of negative selection
What occurs in the medulla of the thymus? -Correct Answer ✔Thymocytes complete
negative selection and also removal of autoreactive T cells
Describe the overall process of T Cell differentiation in the thymus -Correct Answer ✔T
Cell Precursors (CD3+CD4-CD8-TCR-) enter the thymus through the cortico-medullary
junction and localize to the cortical side
They receive the differentiation signal and migrate to the mid cortex where they express
the T Cell Receptor (TCR)
TCR+ cells then differentiate further into double positive T cells with CD4+ and CD8+
Double positive T cells are tested for autoreactivity. Those that can distinguish self from
non-self receive a survival signal
NSG 532 Exam 4
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