NSG 532 – Endocrine Exam Study Questions and Answers 2025
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Course
NSG 532
Institution
NSG 532
gland -Answer- organ that synthesizes a substance for release either 1) into the bloodstream; 2) into body cavities and body outer surface
endocrine -Answer- gland that releases into the bloodstream
exocrine -Answer- gland that releases into body cavities and body outer surface
main glands...
NSG 532 – Endocrine Exam Study
Questions and Answers 2025
gland -Answer- ✔organ that synthesizes a substance for release either 1) into the
bloodstream; 2) into body cavities and body outer surface
endocrine -Answer- ✔gland that releases into the bloodstream
exocrine -Answer- ✔gland that releases into body cavities and body outer surface
main glands -Answer- ✔critically important glands that are made up of endocrine and
nervous tissues
main glands -Answer- ✔hypothalamus, pituitary, pineal
secondary glands -Answer- ✔produce terminal hormone and has response on targets
neuroendocrine cells -Answer- ✔1) relay information between the NS and the endocrine
system
2) receive neuronal input from the ANS and release hormones to the blood
3) major center of neuroendocrine integration are the hypothalamus and pituitary gland
three classes of hormones -Answer- ✔-peptide/protein hormones
-amine hormones
-steroid hormones
peptide/protein hormones characteristics -Answer- ✔-are synthesized as prohormones
in RER and requiring further cleavage to activate
-are stored in secretory vesicles
-are polar, hydrophilic, and lipid-insoluble
-are soluble in plasma and can be transported freely in blood
-have G protein-coupled receptors and use second messenger transduction system
-regulate metabolic reactions and/or gene expression/regulation
peptide/protein hormones examples -Answer- ✔-hypothalamic hormones
-pituitary hormones
-thyroid calcitonin
-PTH
-thymic hormone
-pancreatic hormones
-most of the hormones made by endocrine cells in kidneys, stomach, small intestine, the
heart, liver, and bone marrow
steroid hormones characteristics -Answer- ✔-synthesized from cholesterol
-non-polar, hydrophobic (lipophilic)
-require blood carrier proteins for transport
-have cytoplasmic and/or nuclear receptors
-change gene expression regulation directly
-are groups into 2 classes, corticosteroids and sex steroids
cholesterol -Answer- ✔backbone structure of steroids
steroid hormones examples -Answer- ✔-corticosteroid hormones of adrenal cortex
(aldosterone, cortisol, androgen)
-sex steroid hormones of testis (testosterone, DHT)
-sex steroid of ovaries (estrogen, progesterone)
-renal calcitriol
amine hormones characteristics -Answer- ✔-synthesized from amino acids tyrosine and
tryptophan
-include epinephrine, norepinephrine, tetraiodothyroxine (T4), triiodothyronin (T3), and
melatonin
-have properties common to both peptide (hydrphilic) and steroid hormones
(hydrophobic)
NSG 532 - Endocrine
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